High-temperature poling of ferroelectrics

Kounga, Alain Brice; Granzow, Torsten; Aulbach, Emil; Hinterstein, Manuel; Rödel, Jürgen

doi:10.1063/1.2959830

Cited by 87 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This is consistent with results on temperature-dependent poling in PZT, 46 where the phase transformation by x-ray diffraction was reported to lie at higher values than the temperature from which a polarization could be maintained.…”

Section: Comparison Of Methods and Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Determination of depolarization temperature of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based lead-free piezoceramics

Anton¹,

Jo²,

Damjanović³

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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283

168

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The depolarization temperature T d of piezoelectric materials is an important figure of merit for their application at elevated temperatures. Until now, there are several methods proposed in the literature to determine the depolarization temperature of piezoelectrics, which are based on different physical origins. Their validity and inter-correlation have not been clearly manifested. This paper applies the definition of depolarization temperature as the temperature of the steepest decrease of remanent polarization and evaluates currently used methods, both in terms of this definition and practical applicability. For the investigations, the lead-free piezoceramics (1-y)(Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 TiO 3 -xBi 1/2 K 1/2 TiO 3 )ÀyK 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 in a wide compositional range were chosen. Results were then compared to those for BaTiO 3 and a commercial Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 -based material as references. Thermally stimulated depolarization current and in situ temperature-dependent piezoelectric coefficient d 33 are recommended to determine T d according to the proposed definition. Methods based on inflection point of the real part of permittivity or the peak in dielectric loss give consistently higher temperature values.

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Section: Comparison Of Methods and Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…This is not the case for all materials, which was, e.g., shown for a commercial PZTbased material. 46 The determination of T d by in situ XRD for one BNT-based material will be performed in an exemplary fashion and will be discussed in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of depolarization temperature of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based lead-free piezoceramics

Anton¹,

Jo²,

Damjanović³

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

Self Cite

283

168

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“…Experimental measurements were conducted on a commercial-grade soft PZT, spontaneous strain between 300 and 320°C, corresponding with the Curie temperature [16].…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, macroscopic constitutive behavior of PZT in response to electric field [15,16] and stress [13,14,17] has been shown to depend strongly on temperature. A temperature increase results in a decrease in the coercive electric field [16] as well as an observed increase in the maximum strain obtained during unipolar cycling [15], both principally due to an increase in domain wall mobility. However, in addition to their ability to ferroelectrically switch in response an external electric field, ferroelastic domain switching due to mechanical loads is also possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature blocking force measurements of soft lead zirconate titanate

Webber¹,

Aulbach²,

Rödel³

2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Piezoelectric actuators outperform other technological solutions in the area of high speed, high force, and high accuracy displacement, but are only able to generate strains of about 0.2%. The load capability is generally quantified in terms of a blocking force, which is the force sustained under electric field at zero displacement. Stress-strain curves in a temperature regime from room temperature until 150°C on electrically loaded soft lead zirconate titanate (PZT) are generated to determine the blocking stress. The ensuing non-linear behavior is discussed in terms of ferroelectric and ferroelastic switching and contrasted to idealized linear constitutive behavior as often assumed by manufacturers. The blocking stress is shown to increase with temperature due to an additional stiffening effect as a function of electric field.The actual mechanical work done is found to be larger than in the idealized case where linear constitutive behavior is assumed.

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“…17,18 For electromechanical poling, mechanical stress and E-fields favor ferroelastic and ferroelectric switching, respectively, which in turn effectively poles the systems at low applied E-field with minimum built-in off-set polarization. 19 E-poling for long times can create a built-in bias E-field and off-set polarization in the samples that is mainly due to trapping of mobile charge carriers across the grains and grains-grain boundary interfaces. It would be hard to distinguish between the builta)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%