Policy Simulation of Electricity-Based Vehicle Utilization in Indonesia (Electrified Vehicle - HEV, PHEV, BEV and FCEV)

Setiawan, Indra Chandra

doi:10.31603/ae.v2i1.2020

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This was alleged to be due to the penetration of diesel vehicles in the last 10 years [25]. Furthermore, developed countries that have experienced a decline in the number of LPG vehicles have succeeded in developing electric-based vehicles, such as such as Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV), and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) due to stringent emission standards [77]- [82].…”

Section: Market Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

LPG-Fueled Vehicles: An Overview of Technology and Market Trend

Kivevele

Raja²,

Pirouzfar

et al. 2020

AutoExp

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Article InfoThis article presents an overview of the technology status and market trends of LPG-fueled vehicles through the literature approach to re-evaluate their future. In the review, it is discovered that LPG vehicles are globally increasing, though with a concentration in some countries. Of the 25 countries included in the World LPG Association (WLPGA) annual report 2018, Turkey, Poland, India, Ukraine, and Mexico are the countries with the best LPG vehicle trends in average of 23%. with a long history of implementing LPG as an alternative fuel has experienced a decline in the 2013-2017 period by 17%. This was allegedly due to the penetration of diesel-fueled vehicles over the last ten years. Moreover, developed countries experiencing decline have succeeded in developing electric-based vehicles such as Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV), and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) due to stringent demands for emission standards. AbstrakArtikel ini menyajikan ulasan tentang status teknologi dan tren pasar kendaraan berbahan bakar LPG melalui pendekatan literatur untuk mengevaluasi kembali masa depan mereka. Dalam ulasan ini, ditemukan bahwa kendaraan LPG meningkat secara global, meskipun terkonsentrasi di beberapa negara. Dari 25 negara yang termasuk dalam laporan tahunan World LPG Association (WLPGA) tahun 2018, Turki, Polandia, India, Ukraina, dan Meksiko adalah negara-negara dengan tren kendaraan LPG terbaik dengan rata-rata 23%. Sementara itu, Australia, Jepang, Korea Selatan, Inggris, Belanda, Prancis, dan Jerman yang memiliki sejarah panjang menerapkan LPG sebagai bahan bakar alternatif telah mengalami penurunan 17% selama periode 2013-2017. Ini diduga karena penetrasi kendaraan berbahan bakar diesel selama sepuluh tahun terakhir. Selain itu, negara maju yang mengalami penurunan telah berhasil mengembangkan kendaraan berbasis listrik seperti Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), dan Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) karena tuntutan ketat pada standar emisi. Kata-kata kunci: Kendaraan berbahan bakar LPG; Teknologi kit LPG; Tren pasar © Thomas Kivevele, Thirunavukkarasu Raja, Vahid Pirouzfar, Budi Waluyo, and Muji Setiyo Automotive Experiences 7

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Section: Market Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

LPG-Fueled Vehicles: An Overview of Technology and Market Trend

Kivevele

Raja²,

Pirouzfar

et al. 2020

AutoExp

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“…In addition, the adoption of electric-based vehicles is also very dependent on the seriousness of the Government and the readiness of consumers. Therefore, the top-down system is considered more effective than the bottom-up system [31], which begins with the provision of policies and infrastructure, policy simulations and risk mitigation, and education to consumers.…”

Section: Economics Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study on small cars as an alternative to conventional fleets due to low occupancy: case study in Indonesia

Setiyo

Widodo

Rosyidi

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Consumer interest in privately managed urban transport services in Indonesia are showing a declining trend. On the other hand, the presence of Transportation on Demand (ToD) based on Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted the majority of conventional fleet customers which contribute to the declining trend of occupancy. Therefore, this study aims to present a feasibility study of a small car RE60 Three Passenger and One Driver (3Pþ1D) fourwheeler as an alternative to replace conventional fleets. The Break-Even Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PP) are analyzed based on vehicle operating data. The analysis shows that there is an additional monthly income flow of IDR 1,533,122 and IDR 2,536,946 from RE60 operations compared to the high and low consumption of fuel from existing fleets, respectively. In conclusion, it is feasible to invest in small car RE60 as a replacement for the existing fleets since the fundamental indicators (BEP, NPV, IRR, and PP) showed positive results before the specified instalment period. Sensitivity analysis also shows good results, NPV shows positive results (>0) although the input conditions are made pessimistic to-30% from NPV base case. The BEP of RE60 will cut distance travelled at 190,670 km and 115,225 km, respectively. NPV of IDR 33,088,000 and IDR 80,841,000 will be obtained at the 60th month after the operation and IRR also enabled good scores, at 2.24% and 4.17%.

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“…Jika tidak dijaga dengan baik, ada potensi deforestasi dan kerusakan sumber daya alam hayati [2]- [5]. Selain ethanol dan biodiesel, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), kendaraan listrik, dan kendaraan fuel cell juga menjadi trend propulsi alternatif untuk menggantikan bensin dan diesel [6], [7]. Namun demikian, baik CNG, kendaraan listik, maupaun fuel cell memerlukan investasi yang relatif besar untuk membangun infrastruktur penunjang.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Evolusi Sistem Bahan Bakar LPG: Tinjauan Literatur

Setiyo¹,

Waluyo²

2019

JRM

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EVOLUSI SISTEM BAHAN BAKAR LPG: TINJAUAN LITERATURThis article presents an analysis of the development of fuel system technology in Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) vehicles compared to the development of a fuel system in a gasoline engine. We found that over the past 100 years of using LPG as an alternative fuel, there have been changes in LPG kits for six generations. The first and second-generation LPG kits are similar to the concept of a carburetor, LPG and air mix in front of the throttle valve through a mixer. The third-generation of LPG kits is equivalent to K-Jetronik on a gasoline engine. The fourth and fifth-generation follows the development of a multi-point multi-point injection system and the sixth generation follow the workings of gasoline direct injection (GDI). The sixth-generation of LPG kits, where LPG is injected into the combustion chamber, has an advantage in volumetric efficiency but due to high combustion chamber temperatures, it is necessary to develop injectors that are resistant to high temperatures.

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Policy Simulation of Electricity-Based Vehicle Utilization in Indonesia (Electrified Vehicle - HEV, PHEV, BEV and FCEV)

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

LPG-Fueled Vehicles: An Overview of Technology and Market Trend

LPG-Fueled Vehicles: An Overview of Technology and Market Trend

Feasibility study on small cars as an alternative to conventional fleets due to low occupancy: case study in Indonesia

Evolusi Sistem Bahan Bakar LPG: Tinjauan Literatur

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