Policy Evolution under the Clean Air Act

Schmalensee, Richard; Stavins, Robert N.

doi:10.1257/jep.33.4.27

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Based on the ratification of the Paris Agreement, the United Nations Working Convention, 2016, concerning climate change, the Indonesian government was obliged to implement a global agreement in reducing the common problems of climate change. Indonesia has stated the targets for reducing carbon emissions and greenhouse gases by up to 29% in 2030 [1], [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weather Modification Technology as an Engineering Solution for Reducing Peat Fire Disasters

Sandhyavitri¹,

Widodo²,

Sasmita³

et al. 2023

eer

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The objectives of this research are to investigate the effectiveness of an application of weather modification technology (WMT) in reducing peat fire disasters; and to generate trends and correlations between the implementation of WMT with 3 variables, improvement of precipitation rates, reduction of hotspot cases, and reducing the size of burnt areas. A cloud seeding method was applied in the WMT processes by spraying ultra-giant nucleic (10-50 microns) of NaCl throughout airplanes within the Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia, 2020. The target-only method was applied for evaluating an increase in the precipitation rates during the TMC period of 2017-2020. Three satellites (TRMM, Landsat, and MODIS) data and geographical information system (GIS) were applied in the calculation of precipitation rates, hotspots, and peat fire (burnt) areas. The results showed that during 4 years of the observation period, the implementation of WMT in this research location was considered effective in improving the precipitation rates as PCH = 1.33 >1. There was also a trend that the higher the precipitation rates were, the lower the size of burnt areas would be (R 2 > 80%). This article is expected to be a reference for further research and development in peat fire mitigation and control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weather Modification Technology as an Engineering Solution for Reducing Peat Fire Disasters

Sandhyavitri¹,

Widodo²,

Sasmita³

et al. 2023

eer

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“…It is noteworthy to mention that the exhaust gas emissions during the combustion process may affect the human being and it may cause several issues, including discomfort and acute illness, lung issues, damaging immune system, cancer, respiratory diseases, reduced visibility, disruption in development and reproduction, and hepatic (Adefeso et al 2020 ; Ogunkunle and Ahmed 2021 ; Padmanabhan et al 2022 ). Therefore, it is important to perform a detailed study of engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristic in order to confirm the feasibility of the products as well as to meet the emission standards as per the environment protection act, clean air act (Schmalensee and Stavins 2019 ; Singh et al 2022 ). The major emission pollutants are carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), unburnt hydrocarbons (UHC), oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and sulfur (SO x ), and particulate matter (PM) for any commercial fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation in PO blending and compression ratio on engine performance and gas emissions including environmental health risk assessment and economic analysis

Alawa

Chakma

2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Waste management and mitigation is the primary necessity across the globe. The daily use of plastic materials in different forms emergence the plastic pollutions, and it has been significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, mitigation of waste plastics generation is one of the major challenges in the present situation. The present study addressed the conversion of waste plastics into value-added products such as liquid hydrocarbon fuels and their application in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A comprehensive investigation has been performed on engine performance and combustion characteristics at various compression ratios and PO blending. The effect of liquid fuel blending with commercial diesel was investigated at three different compression ratios (15.1, 16.2, and 16.7) under various BMEP conditions. The results revealed that blending of liquid fuel produced from waste plastic can improve the BTE significantly, and the highest 35.77% of BTE was observed for 10% blending at 15.1 CR. While the lowest BSFC of 5.77 × 10 −5 kg/kW-s was estimated for 20% PO blending at 16.7 CR under optimum BMEP (4.0 bar) conditions. The investigation of combustion parameters such as cylinder pressure, net heat release rate, rate of pressure rise, and cumulative heat release showed that it increases with the compression ratio from 15.1 to 16.7. At the same time, the emissions of CO, CO 2 , and unburnt hydrocarbon was decreased significantly. The economic analysis for the present lab-scale study estimated that approximately ₹12.17 ($0.15) profit per liter is possible in the 1st year, while the significant profit starts from the 2nd year onward, which is in the range of ₹59.78–₹84.48 ($0.75–$1.07) when the PO is blended with CD within the permissible limits as per the norms. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-023-26576-3.

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“…Among the theoretical studies on market-based environmental policies, Hahn and Stavins (2011) pointed out that the emissions reduction cost effectiveness of a cap-and-trade system is not impacted by initial allowable allocations, emission source production technology, or the heterogeneity of emission reduction costs, and that it is relatively strong compared to traditional command-and-control environmental policy tools led by the government. Looking at the effectiveness of marketbased policies, Schmalensee and Stavins (2019) pointed out that pollution regulation has evolved from sole reliance on commandand-control policies to greater use of emissions trading. Allen et al (2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Effect of China’s Emissions Trading Scheme on Promoting Regional Industrial Carbon Emission Reduction

Feng

Lin²,

Hou

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The creation of carbon emissions trading markets is a core policy for realizing China’s twin objectives of reaching a peak in CO2 emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. Given that industry is the most significant energy consumer and CO2 emitter, it is imperative to implement carbon reducing initiatives to attain these goals. Following the implementation of carbon emissions trading pilots in China, this article theoretically analyzes the mechanisms of action and paths of influence of China’s carbon trading policies on regional industrial carbon emissions. Then, regarding the trading rights policies launched in 2013 as a quasi-natural experiment, this study uses provincial panel data and industry data from 2003 to 2016 to empirically test the effect of carbon trading on industrial emissions by employing the difference-in-difference and difference-in-difference-in-difference methods. It was found that carbon emissions trading can promote a reduction in regional industrial carbon emissions, achieving the dual aims of reducing total emissions and reducing emission intensity. The reduction effect occurs after the implementation of the carbon trading market policies. The carbon trading policies reduced regional industrial emissions by optimizing regional industrial structures and increasing regional technological innovation. It was also found that reductions in carbon emissions were heterogeneous among industries. These research conclusions will help to improve the top-level design of China’s industrial energy saving and carbon reduction policies and to achieve low-carbon and green industrial development.

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Policy Evolution under the Clean Air Act

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Weather Modification Technology as an Engineering Solution for Reducing Peat Fire Disasters

Weather Modification Technology as an Engineering Solution for Reducing Peat Fire Disasters

Investigation in PO blending and compression ratio on engine performance and gas emissions including environmental health risk assessment and economic analysis

Study of the Effect of China’s Emissions Trading Scheme on Promoting Regional Industrial Carbon Emission Reduction

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