“…Such an overview is non-existent, as a result of which it is basically unclear what is happening at Europe’s intra-Schengen borders, and why, when and against whom border controls are exercised. These questions can solely be fully addressed by carrying out ethnographic fieldwork in the various intra-Schengen border areas, and although there is a growing number of studies shining empirical light on these—and other—questions (Barker, 2018; Casella Colombeau, 2015; Cheliotis, 2017; De Genova, 2017; Dekkers, 2019; Fabini, 2017; Franko and Gundhus, 2015; Pakes and Holt, 2017; Van Der Woude and Brouwer, 2017; Van Der Woude and Van Der Leun, 2017; Wonders, 2017), the empirical picture of what is actually happening in intra-Schengen border areas is still very limited. For the scope of this article, I will draw from the limited case law of the Court of Justice for the European Union (CJEU) on article 23 SBC and a recent query that was launched by the European Migration Network.…”