Polarographic studies with the dropping mercury electrode. Part III. The cause of maxima on curent-voltage curves

Ilkovič, D.

doi:10.1135/cccc19360013

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…64,66,68 Fourth, when the potential is outside of the potential region exhibiting the polarographic maxima, the irregular current immediately disappears and the current drops to the value determined by the diffusion of the reactant. 62,63,68 These similarities suggest that the polarographic maximum and the irregularly increased current on the ion-transfer voltammogram have a common origin, that is, the coupling of the potential-dependent adsorption and the charge transfer across the interface, as Shikata suggested at the very beginning of the study of polarography. 61 At the mercury electrode, the charge transfer is a redox reaction accompanied with the adsorption of reactants or products or dissolution of the metal into mercury.…”

Section: Manifestations Of the Electrochemical Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 88%

Electrochemical Instability in Liquid–Liquid Two-Phase Systems

Kitazumi¹,

Kakiuchi²

2011

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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On the basis of the dependency of adsorption and partitioning of ionic surfactant on the phase-boundary potential (Á W O º), it is possible to understand in a unified manner various instability phenomena at the liquid«liquid interface in the presence of ionic surfactants, such as spontaneous emulsification, oscillation of Á W O º and interfacial tension, and irregularly increased currents on voltammograms of the transfer of surface-active ions across the interface. These instabilities are associated with the electrochemical instability, which defines a thermodynamically unstable condition at the liquid«liquid interface in terms of Á W O º and is a fundamental concept to understand the instabilities in the presence of ionic surfactants. The characteristic manifestations of the electrochemical instability, that is, the irregularly increased current on voltammograms in the transfer of surface-active ions, the spontaneous emulsification, and the spontaneous oscillation of Á W O º can be designed based on the criterion of the electrochemical instability.

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Section: Manifestations Of the Electrochemical Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 88%

Electrochemical Instability in Liquid–Liquid Two-Phase Systems

Kitazumi¹,

Kakiuchi²

2011

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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“…The earliest experimental evaluations of the Ilkovic equation seemed to bear out the one-sixth power law predicted (11). More recent work (3,13,18, 20, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33), however, using more refined experimental methods, has tended to contradict the early results.…”

Section: A the Experimental Current-time Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, equation 11 Since no coordinate system has thus far been assumed, the Laplacian operator, V2, can be immediately written down in terms of whatever coordinates seem appropriate to a given problem. The form of the divergence term will depend partly upon the nature of the convection velocity, u.…”

Section: The Equation Of Continuitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Polarographic Diffusion Current - Current-Time Relationship At The Dropping Mercury Electrode

Markowitz¹,

Elving²

1958

Chem. Rev.

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“…The behavior of cadmium is of special interest as this element is reduced at a potential very close to the electro capillary maximum. Both the adsorption theory of Heyrovsky [7] and Ilkovic [8], and the electrostatic strea ming theory of Antweiler [9] demand that, at this potential, maxima be either absent or of small magnitude. Hence, deviations from the Ilkovic equation might be expected to be very small for this element.…”

Section: Apparatus and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Ilkovic equation to quantitative polarography

Buckley¹,

Taylor²

1945

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN.

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Conditions of applicability of the Ilkovic equation to polarographic analysis were investigated for representative ions singly and in mixtures. Gelatin was used to suppress maxima found in current-voltage curves.Results obtained with a capillary of usual characteristics showed that a suppresser is necessary to secure agreement with the llkovic equation over any considerable drop-time range, and that the need increases with the drop-rate of the electrode and the dilution of reducible ion. A criterion of diffusion control satisfactory for classification of polarograms by visual examination was found. The application of the Ilkovic equation to quantitative analysis was shown to be inadvisable unless it is definitely established that the experimental conditions are well within the range for insuring diffusion control. A logarithmic relation between critical drop-time and suppresser concentration was found.

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Polarographic studies with the dropping mercury electrode. Part III. The cause of maxima on curent-voltage curves

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Electrochemical Instability in Liquid–Liquid Two-Phase Systems

Electrochemical Instability in Liquid–Liquid Two-Phase Systems

The Polarographic Diffusion Current - Current-Time Relationship At The Dropping Mercury Electrode

Application of the Ilkovic equation to quantitative polarography

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