Polarization-insensitive widely tunable wavelength converter based on four-wave mixing in a dispersion-flattened nonlinear photonic Crystal fiber

Polarization Insensitive Wavelength Conversion in a Low-Birefringence SiGe Waveguide

“…While FWM is an inherently polarization-dependent process requiring accurate control of the state of polarization of the mixing waves, implementations that achieve polarization insensitive operation have been proposed. Such schemes employing either two orthogonally polarized pumps [9] or polarization diversity [10] have already been widely demonstrated in fiber-based devices, but their adoption in silicon-based systems is still rather limited [11,12]. Polarization diversity is widely used in photonics to overcome the strong birefringence of devices.…”

Applications of photonic crystal fibers in optical communications - What is in the future?

“…Several applications of these dispersion-flattened high-nonlinearity photonic crystal fibers for optical communications have been demonstrated in nonlinear optical signal processing, including wideband tunable wavelength conversion, nonlinear signal conditioning and reshaping, optical signal regeneration, ultrashort optical pulse compression, etc. [5][6][7][8].…”

Wavelength conversion of a 40-Gb/s RZ-DPSK signal using four-wave mixing in a dispersion-flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber

“…The states of polarization of both the signal and the pump were optimized in order to ensure the highest conversion efficiency. A polarization insensitive scheme could also be implemented as in [9]. Furthermore, the PCF has been shown earlier to exhibit small birefringence values of the order of to [11].…”

“…The dispersion of HNL-PCFs can be tailored to satisfy the phase-matching requirements for FWM. FWM wavelength conversion in an HNL-PCF has been reported for nonreturn-to-zero intensity modulated signals at 10 Gb/s [8], [9], as well as for phase conjugation at 40 Gb/s [10].…”