Polarization-encoded all-optical quaternary universal inverter and design of multivalued flip-flop

All‐optical Tera Hertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer‐based Memory at a data rate of 300 Gbps

“…Bharti et al 18 presented micro ring resonator‐based RS, JK, and T flip flop and found ER to be 27.42 dB. Photonic crystals‐based RS flip flop was designed by Zamanian et al 19 TOAD‐based optical switching is an important candidate in this category due to its high speed, reasonable noise power, ease of integration, and so on 2,10–12 . In this article, TOAD‐based all‐optical memory unit or latch circuit with high data rate speed (300 Gbps) is designed and analyzed by calculating ER, CR, Q, and AM.…”

“…Photonic crystals-based RS flip flop was designed by Zamanian et al 19 TOAD-based optical switching is an important candidate in this category due to its high speed, reasonable noise power, ease of integration, and so on. 2,[10][11][12] In this article, TOAD-based all-optical memory unit or latch circuit with high data rate speed (300 Gbps) is designed and analyzed by calculating ER, CR, Q, and AM. The advantages of the proposed design are simplicity, higher speed, lower bit error rate, 7 and higher values of ER, CR, and Q. ALL-OPTICAL MEMORY UNIT VOA is used which permits a fixed maximum value of optical power as data signal.…”

“…1 Many researchers have already designed all-optical devices using different mechanism or optical switches such as SOA, MZI-SOA, RSOA, terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (TOAD), photonic crystal, ring resonator, and so on. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In last few years, some researchers have been proposed TOAD, RSOA, ring resonator-based memory devices. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Maity et al 10 proposed TOAD-based binary flip flop with lower values of extinction ratio (ER) (13.18 dB) and contrast ratio (CR) (18.023 dB).…”

“…Optical devices have high processing speed, low energy consumption, and greater reliability compared to electronic devices 1 . Many researchers have already designed all‐optical devices using different mechanism or optical switches such as SOA, MZI‐SOA, RSOA, terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (TOAD), photonic crystal, ring resonator, and so on 2–9 . In last few years, some researchers have been proposed TOAD, RSOA, ring resonator‐based memory devices 10–17 .…”

“…Figure1shows the TOAD-based all-optical memory unit. It consists of two TOAD-based optical switches,2,7 beam splitters (BS) and variable optical attenuators (VOA). VOA is used which permits a fixed maximum value of optical power as data signal.…”