2015
DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1215
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Polarizable force fields for molecular dynamics simulations of biomolecules

Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations are well established for the study of biomolecular systems. Within these simulations, energy functions known as force fields are used to determine the forces acting on atoms and molecules. While these force fields have been very successful, they contain a number of approximations, included to overcome limitations in computing power. One of the most important of these approximations is the omission of polarizability, the process by which the charge distribution in a molecule chang… Show more

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Cited by 149 publications
(170 citation statements)
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References 104 publications
(119 reference statements)
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“…Different polarizable force fields have been developed so far (AMBER ff02.pol, Drude, AMOEBA, etc.) . The AMOEBA polarizable force field may be more promising for high valent metal‐bearing solutions due to the inclusion of multipole electrostatics .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Different polarizable force fields have been developed so far (AMBER ff02.pol, Drude, AMOEBA, etc.) . The AMOEBA polarizable force field may be more promising for high valent metal‐bearing solutions due to the inclusion of multipole electrostatics .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…. The AMOEBA polarizable force field may be more promising for high valent metal‐bearing solutions due to the inclusion of multipole electrostatics . Very recently, Marjolin et al., reported the AMOEBA force field parameters for some Ln III (La 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ ) and actinide(III) (Ac 3+ , Am 3+ , Cm 3+ ) ions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, while local diffusion of the water and ethanol components of the solvent near a peptide hydrogen are slowed a factor of 2 to 3 relative to diffusion in the bulk solvent, calculations done with Equation indicate that, at the RF used for our experiments (500 MHz), calculated σETHNOE are relatively insensitive to diffusion and that a 3‐fold change in bulk diffusion coefficient could not produce the overestimates of σETHNOE that are obtained from calculations with the MD trajectories. Some consideration beyond local solvent molecule diffusion seems to be required. Better agreement between observed and calculated properties of ethanol‐water solutions can be obtained by using more elaborate force fields in simulations, particularly those that include the effects of electronic polarizability . Adjustment of the parameters for the water component of these solutions may also enhance agreement …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The AMBER force field has been shown to accurately reproduce the structural and dynamic properties of a large variety of canonical and noncanonical nucleic acids in water . To improve the description of electrostatic interactions, polarizable force fields have also been developed to include a change in the charge distribution in a molecule in response to its environment . The CHARMM polarizable force field for nucleic acids is based on a classical Drude oscillator model and was developed and validated on unsubstituted and alkyl‐substituted adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, and thymine bases, hydrated crystals, and hydrogen bonded base pairs.…”
Section: Existing Methodology For Predicting Small Molecule—rna Intermentioning
confidence: 99%