Poison Ivy (Rhus) Dermatitis

This article reviews the effect of age and sex on the induction and elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). We found that the incidence of ACD in childhood is lower than in adults; this may be explained by less exposure to allergens, lack of immune response and limited patch test studies in this age group. In the elderly, there is an age-dependent decrease in the incidence of ACD, with decreased sensitization to new allergens and waning responses in previously sensitized subjects. There is extensive controversy about the effect of sex differences in ACD. The induction phases of ACD in both sexes are different due to differences in exposure to the allergens from occupations, habits and cultures. Differences in elicitation phases of ACD in both sexes are not confirmed. Women tend to have a higher incidence of ACD and higher immunologic response to exposure allergens than men. Thus we can only imprecisely define the effect of age and sex on the induction and elicitation of ACD. Further prospective studies should be done to answer these questions.

show abstract

“…(i) Responsiveness to delayed hypersensitivity antigens originally contacted in early life is said to decrease with advancing age (31,39).…”

Section: Effect Of Aging On Delayed Hypersensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of age and sex on the induction and elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis

Kwangsukstith

Maibach

1995

Contact Dermatitis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Allergic contact dermatitis to Toxicodendron radicans (rhus or poison ivy) has been shown to be a delayed hypersensitivity response to urushiol, a catechol with a C 15 lipophilic tail (1,2). Previous studies (3) have demonstrated that lymphocytes from patients with a recent history of allergic contact dermatitis to Toxicodendron radicans will proliferate in vitro to urushiolcoupled erythrocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urushiol (poison ivy)-triggered suppressor T cell clone generated from peripheral blood.

Kalish

Morimoto²

1988

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Allergic contact dermatitis to Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy) is mediated by the hapten urushiol. An urushiol-specific, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-dependent T cell clone (RLB9-7) was generated from the peripheral blood of a patient with a history of allergic contact dermatitis to T. radicans. This clone proliferated specifically to both leaf extract and pure urushiol. Although the clone had the phenotype CD3+CD4+CD8', proliferation to antigen was blocked by anti-CD8 and anti-HLA-A, B, C but not by anti-CD4, suggesting that CD4 was not functionally associated with the T cell receptor. Furthermore, studies with antigen-presenting cells from MHC-typed donors indicated that the clone was MHC class 1 restricted. RLB9-7 was WT31 positive, indicating it bears the afi T cell receptor. The clone lacked significant natural killer cell activity and produced only low levels of IL-2 or y-interferon upon antigen stimulation. Addition of RLB9-7 to autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of urushiol inhibited the pokeweed mitogen-driven IgG synthesis. This suppression was resistant to irradiation (2,000 rad) and was not seen when RLB9-7 was added to allogeneic cells, even in the presence of irradiated autologous antigen-presenting cells, suggesting that suppression was MHC restricted and not mediated by nonspecific soluble factors. However, RLB9-7 cells in the presence of urushiol inhibited the synthesis of tetanus toxoid-specific IgG by autologous lymphocytes, indicating that the suppression, although triggered specifically by urushiol, was nonspecific.

show abstract

“…Approximately 80% of the United States population is immune to poison oak or ivy because of prior exposure, and 50% are clinically reactive (2). The debilitating dermatitis resulting from contact with the Received for publication 7 February 1979 and in revised form 11 June 1979. plant represents a severe hazard for outdoor workers (3,4). For this reason there is a great interest in developing a method of tolerizing such "at risk" individuals against poison oak, ivy, and sumac.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro studies of poison oak immunity. I. In vitro reaction of human lymphocytes to urushiol.

Byers¹,

Epstein²,

Castagnoli³

et al. 1979

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poison Ivy (Rhus) Dermatitis

Cited by 152 publications

References 73 publications

Effect of age and sex on the induction and elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis

Effect of age and sex on the induction and elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis

Urushiol (poison ivy)-triggered suppressor T cell clone generated from peripheral blood.

In vitro studies of poison oak immunity. I. In vitro reaction of human lymphocytes to urushiol.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About