In vitro studies of poison oak immunity. I. In vitro reaction of human lymphocytes to urushiol.

Byers, Vera S.; Epstein, William L.; Castagnoli, Neal; Baer, Hans H.

doi:10.1172/jci109602

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It has been suggested that this mechanism of binding is responsible for the potent in vivo sensitizing properties of urushiol (4). However, our in vitro studies indicated that the great majority of the urushiol that produced blastogenesis was reversibly bound to the cell membranes used to introduce it into culture (1). This suggests that the catechol ring is not as capable of spontaneous auto-oxidation and covalent bond formation as originally suggested.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…In a previous report (1) we demonstrated that urushiol-specific blastogenesis can be elicited from cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes taken from individuals spontaneously or experimentally sensitized against poison oak. The reactive cell is a T lymphocyte which requires an accessory cell from the Tdepleted population (probably a macrophage) to produce blastogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Urushiol can be introduced into cultures on heterologous, homologous, or autologous erythrocyte membranes or on autologous lymphocytes with equal efficiency. Although the alkylcatechols that compose urushiol concentrate into membranes and remain firmly associated through aqueous washes, the association does not appear to be irreversible because the majority of the radioactivity introduced with a radiolabeled hapten can be removed with organic solvents (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Studies of Poison Oak Immunity

Byers¹,

Castagnoli²,

Epstein³

1979

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Studies were performed to ascertain the effect of urushiol analogues on the in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis elicited by urushiol in peripheral blood lymphocytes taken from individuals sensitized to poison oak or ivy. Urushiol is a mixture of alkylcatechols composed of a catechol ring coupled to mono-, di-, or tri-unsaturated C-15 or C-17 carbon side chains. Each of these two moieties, catechol ring and side chain, was tested for its role in eliciting reactivity. Analogues tested represented the catechol ring (3-methylcatechol), the mono-or di-unsaturated side chain (oleic or linoleic acid), and the saturated side chain coupled to a catechol ring (pentadecylcatechol), a blocked catechol ring (heptadecylveratrole), or a resorcinol (pentadecylresorcinol). Urushiol with a blocked catechol ring (urushiol dimethyl ether) was also included.Of these, only pentadecylcatechol evoked reactivity in sensitized lymphocytes, and this reactivity was only a fraction of that evoked by urushiol. This suggested that the system has some requirement for the side chain, and that the catechol ring is critical for reactivity. This was further investigated by testing the ability of some of these analogues to inhibit urushiol-specific blastogenesis. No iiihibition was noted with compounds bearing the saturated side chain with modified ring structures (pentadecylresorcinol and heptadecylveratrole). However, both 3-methylcatechol and pentadecylcatechol (at equimolar concentrations) blocked reactivity. The results of our experiments suggested that although both the side chain and the catechol ring are required for reactivity, the latter is most critical. Unsaturation in the side chain is important for maximal reactivity because the saturated catechols were only partially as

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In Vitro Studies of Poison Oak Immunity

Byers¹,

Castagnoli²,

Epstein³

1979

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…This is supported first by the finding that many clones did not respond to urushiol and also by the inability of PBMC from nonsensitive donors to respond to urushiol (data not shown). This later point has been well established by Byers et al (3). The nonmitogeneity of urushiol was important to establish because it has been reported that urushiol can induce murine sponge aggregation in a manner similar to phorbol esters, which are believed to act on the sponge by activation of protein kinase C (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Previous studies (3) have demonstrated that lymphocytes from patients with a recent history of allergic contact dermatitis to Toxicodendron radicans will proliferate in vitro to urushiolcoupled erythrocytes. This report describes the generation from peripheral blood of a urushiol-specific T cell clone with immunoregulatory properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urushiol (poison ivy)-triggered suppressor T cell clone generated from peripheral blood.

Kalish

Morimoto²

1988

J. Clin. Invest.

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Allergic contact dermatitis to Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy) is mediated by the hapten urushiol. An urushiol-specific, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-dependent T cell clone (RLB9-7) was generated from the peripheral blood of a patient with a history of allergic contact dermatitis to T. radicans. This clone proliferated specifically to both leaf extract and pure urushiol. Although the clone had the phenotype CD3+CD4+CD8', proliferation to antigen was blocked by anti-CD8 and anti-HLA-A, B, C but not by anti-CD4, suggesting that CD4 was not functionally associated with the T cell receptor. Furthermore, studies with antigen-presenting cells from MHC-typed donors indicated that the clone was MHC class 1 restricted. RLB9-7 was WT31 positive, indicating it bears the afi T cell receptor. The clone lacked significant natural killer cell activity and produced only low levels of IL-2 or y-interferon upon antigen stimulation. Addition of RLB9-7 to autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of urushiol inhibited the pokeweed mitogen-driven IgG synthesis. This suppression was resistant to irradiation (2,000 rad) and was not seen when RLB9-7 was added to allogeneic cells, even in the presence of irradiated autologous antigen-presenting cells, suggesting that suppression was MHC restricted and not mediated by nonspecific soluble factors. However, RLB9-7 cells in the presence of urushiol inhibited the synthesis of tetanus toxoid-specific IgG by autologous lymphocytes, indicating that the suppression, although triggered specifically by urushiol, was nonspecific.

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Anacardiaceae Lindl.

2012

Toxic Plants of North America

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In vitro studies of poison oak immunity. I. In vitro reaction of human lymphocytes to urushiol.

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

In Vitro Studies of Poison Oak Immunity

In Vitro Studies of Poison Oak Immunity

Urushiol (poison ivy)-triggered suppressor T cell clone generated from peripheral blood.

Anacardiaceae Lindl.

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