Point-source inputs of petroleum wastewater into the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Ibiebele, Dagogo D.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(86)90123-3

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Moffat and Linden (1995) reported similar concentrations of dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons in surface waters as those reported here as common concentrations in the Niger Delta in the 1990s. However, much higher concentrations were reported locally, for example Ibiebele (1986) reported concentrations of 53 000-62 700 lg L -1 in refinery waste water from the Niger Delta.…”

Section: Petroleum Hydrocarbons In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil Contamination in Ogoniland, Niger Delta

Lindén

Pålsson

2013

AMBIO

135

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The study shows extensive oil contamination of rivers, creeks, and ground waters in Ogoniland, Nigeria. The levels found in the more contaminated sites are high enough to cause severe impacts on the ecosystem and human health: extractable petroleum hydrocarbons (EPHs) ([10-C40) in surface waters up to 7420 lg L -1 , drinking water wells show up to 42 200 lg L -1 , and benzene up to 9000 lg L -1 , more than 900 times the WHO guidelines. EPH concentrations in sediments were up to 17 900 mg kg -1 . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations reached 8.0 mg kg -1 , in the most contaminated sites. The contamination has killed large areas of mangroves. Although the natural conditions for degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons are favorable with high temperatures and relatively high rainfall, the recovery of contaminated areas is prevented due to the chronic character of the contamination. Oil spills of varying magnitude originates from facilities and pipelines; leaks from aging, dilapidated, and abandoned infrastructure; and from spills during transport and artisanal refining of stolen oil under very primitive conditions.

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Section: Petroleum Hydrocarbons In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil Contamination in Ogoniland, Niger Delta

Lindén

Pålsson

2013

AMBIO

135

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“…Ibiebele (1986) had earlier estimated that an average of 11 -54 mg/1 of oil is dissolved in water. This deserves attention owing to the possibility of bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of crude oil component in aquatic lives, and the attendant consequences of ingesting such aquatic species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematoxic Effects Following Ingestion Of Nigerian Crude Oil And Crude Oil Polluted Shellfish By Rats

et al. 2005

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Summary:The haematological effects following ingestion of shellfish exposed to crude oil polluted water or the pollutant perse were investigated in albino Wistar rats. Feeding of four groups of rats for 28 days duration with two reference casein or shellfish protein control diets (Group A and B), and two test diets (Group C and D) supplemented at varying levels with shellfish which had been previously exposed to crude oil polluted water and the oral gavaging with crude oil at the rate of 3, 6 and 9 ml/kg body weight per day to three groups (groups II, III and IV respectively) of rats for 7 days duration resulted in changes in packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts, and haemoglobin concentration (Hb) of rats. Group C and D respectively fed 10% and 20% polluted shellfish diets recorded significant (P < 0.05) decreases in PCV and RBC counts while Hb concentration and WBC counts increased. Groups II, III and IV gavaged with varying doses of crude oil recorded significant (P < 0.05 -0.01) dose dependent decrease in PCV and RBC counts when compared to controls (group 1). Hb and WBC counts also increased for these groups but the increase was only significant for WBC counts (P < 0.05) when compared with controls. The results suggest that the ingestion of shellfish exposed to crude oil polluted water or the polluted perse results in haematotoxicity.

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“…Chemical analysis of organic pollutants from Nigerian refineries [1], [2], [3] have identified 15 petroleum based hydrocarbons mostly phenols which are toxic to organisms. Concentrations of dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons have been found to be elevated in water bodies near refineries in the Niger Delta region [1], which supports the inference that little or no waste water treatment is performed [4]. With acknowledged influence of some of these pollutants on other factors, it is obvious that there is a possibility of chemical interactions between these parameters which may affect the microbial population and diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Microbial Community Diversity of a Water Body in the Niger Delta as Affected by Refinery Effluent

Obiukwu¹,

Otokunefor²

2014

ujmr

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The microbiological quality of refinery effluent, and water and sediments of the effluent receiving Okrika sector of bonny estuary was investigated. Treated waste water (TWW) recorded the highest total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) of 1.6 X 109 cfu/ml, while raw waste water had the highest bacterial diversity of 24.82%. The THB population of the water body was lowest [8.6X103cfu/ml] at the effluent outfall site (SS1) in January compared to the highest [1.10X108cfu/ml] recorded at the control station (SS6). The sediment samples were richer in microbial population density with highest value of 8.6X109cfu/g and least value of 7.8X104cfu/g recorded at SS6 and SS1 respectively. While fungi population showed significant upstream -downstream variation in sediment, the population of fungi in the water samples was relatively stable (3 logs) throughout the study period. The most predominant bacterial genera in the refinery effluent include Bacillus sp (23.37%), Pseudomonas sp (12.41%), and Staphylococcus sp. (10.59%). Similarly, Bacillus sp (15.73% & 16.77%) and Pseudomonas sp (13.72% & 11.44%) were the most prevalent in the river water and sediment respectively. Penicillum sp, Fusarium sp dominated the fungi population. The effluent outfall site (SS1) recorded the least generic diversity of 13.16% and 13.92% both for water and sediment samples respectively. Pollution of the Bonny estuary by refinery effluent resulted in changes in the microbial population density and disappearance of organisms like Chromobacter species, Vibro species, E. coli and Serratia species from the affected sites.

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Point-source inputs of petroleum wastewater into the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Oil Contamination in Ogoniland, Niger Delta

Oil Contamination in Ogoniland, Niger Delta

Haematoxic Effects Following Ingestion Of Nigerian Crude Oil And Crude Oil Polluted Shellfish By Rats

Microbial Community Diversity of a Water Body in the Niger Delta as Affected by Refinery Effluent

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