Point Cloud Analysis for Conservation and Enhancement of Modernist Architecture

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Documentation of cultural assets through improved acquisition processes for advanced 3D modelling is one of the main challenges to be faced in order to address, through digital representation, advanced analysis on shape, appearance and conservation condition of cultural heritage. 3D modelling can originate new avenues in the way tangible cultural heritage is studied, visualized, curated, displayed and monitored, improving key features such as analysis and visualization of material degradation and state of conservation. An applied research focused on the analysis of surface specifications and material properties by means of 3D laser scanner survey has been developed within the project of Digital Preservation of FAUUSP building, Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. The integrated 3D survey has been performed by the DIAPReM Center of the Department of Architecture of the University of Ferrara in cooperation with the FAUUSP. The 3D survey has allowed the realization of a point cloud model of the external surfaces, as the basis to investigate in detail the formal characteristics, geometric textures and surface features. The digital geometric model was also the basis for processing the intensity values acquired by laser scanning instrument; this method of analysis was an essential integration to the macroscopic investigations in order to manage additional information related to surface characteristics displayable on the point cloud.

3d City Modelling Toward Conservation and Management. The Digital Documentation of Museu Do Ipiranga - Usp, San Paulo, Brazil

“…Variety of uses of Digital Elevation Models, DEM: from state of the art documentation and analysis for the restauration project toward 3D point cloud comparison with the photographic survey of Monumento à Independência do Brasil in order to develop non-conventional representation for both experienced and inexperienced end users. manage and implement digital models and complex databases of existing built heritage (Balzani et. al., 2017).…”

Hbim and the 20th Century Steel Building Heritage – A Procedure Suitable for the Construction History in Italy

“…Other problems are "the unavailability of historical parametric object libraries and the lack of tools for managing complex, irregular, and uncertain shapes that are obtained from point clouds" (López et al, 2018). This is also true for the modern heritage, considering that few researches have tried to focus on the HBIM application to it, as some studies about modern Brazilian and Indian architectures (Balzani et al, 2016;Balzani et al, 2017); therefore the potentialities of a HBIM approach applied to steel architectures of 20 th century are still unexplored and it is necessary to develop a particular working procedure. This process of definition and check, stems by the specific nature of metal construction, characterised by original features, compared to those of traditional building techniques or reinforced concrete.…”

“…For example, this option could be useful for the study of some industrial archaeology made in steel, such as the twentieth century "Officine Galileo" in Florence, that have a low LoK. If an examined building shows an inadequate state of conservation, in spite of its high LoK, a survey will be provided using a laser scanner or photogrammetry, in order to allow a subsequent photographic post-processing for the mapping of the decay and the definition of subsequent refurbishment interventions, as shown by some studies of different research groups (Balzani et al, 2017). For example, this approach could concern the examination of some steel bridges still in use, such as the bridge called "ponte all'Indiana" -built in the seventies in Florence -for which it could be possible to organise a laser scanner survey similar to the survey concerning the Forth Bridges in Scotland (Iftikhar et al, 2017).…”

The Integrated Survey of the Pergamum by Nicola Pisano in the Cathedral of Pisa

“…The individual scans acquired the morphological datum (X, Y, Z) with the intensity value of the single points, and furthermore, through the integrated camera of the scanner, the photographic images were acquired providing the RGB value at each point of the cloud [6].…”