Pneumovirus and Metapneumovirus: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus

Tripp, Ralph A.

doi:10.1002/9780470688618.taw0243

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 299 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The RSV genome encodes a total of 11 proteins, many which are under investigation as possible drug targets (Figure 1; Table 1)[21-23]. There are two major antigenic subgroups, A and B, which are defined by different envelope proteins and co-circulate each year.…”

Section: Viral Drug Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacologic Advances in the Treatment and Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Empey¹,

Peebles²,

Kolls³

2010

CLIN INFECT DIS

128

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are currently only two drugs approved for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody for the prevention of RSV in high-risk children and ribavirin is approved for treatment of severe RSV disease, however its effectiveness in improving outcomes is questionable. Over the past 40 years, many obstacles have delayed the development of safe and effective vaccines and treatment regimens. This article reviews these obstacles and presents the novel development strategies used to overcome many of them. Also discussed are promising new antiviral treatment candidates and their associated mechanism of action, the significant advances made in vaccine development, and exciting, new studies directed at improving outcomes through pharmacologic manipulation of the host response to RSV disease.

show abstract

Section: Viral Drug Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacologic Advances in the Treatment and Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Empey¹,

Peebles²,

Kolls³

2010

CLIN INFECT DIS

128

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…RSV, classified in the Pneumovirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae family is an enveloped virus with a negative‐sense single‐stranded RNA genome that encodes 11 proteins [Tripp, ]. Based on reaction with monoclonal antibodies against the G and F glycoproteins and genetic differences, RSV has been classified into two major groups A and B [Anderson et al, ; Mufson et al, ; Cane, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus NA1 and GA5 genotypes detected in Assam in northeast India, 2009–2012

Biswas

Yadav

Borkakoty

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A significant number of children die each year from acute respiratory tract infections especially in developing countries. Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common virus identified in such cases. Genetic characterization and the circulation pattern of RSV is important for future selection of appropriate vaccine strains. Limited information is available on the circulation of RSV in developing countries including India. The present study aimed to provide baseline information on the genetic variability of RSV in the Dibrugarh district of Assam, northeast India. Clinical specimens collected from children aged ≤6 years for routine influenza surveillance in the Dibrugarh district of Assam during the period 2009-2012, were screened for RSV by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Genotyping was based on partial sequencing of the RSV attachment glycoprotein gene. RSV was detected in 7.9% (39/493) of cases. Only RSV group A viruses were detected during the study period with predominance of NA1 genotypes (89%). Two RSV GA5 genotypes were found to be co-circulating during 2012. The specific amino acid substitutions characteristics of the NA1 genotypes were distinct from RSV strains reported from the rest of India. It is concluded that the circulating genotypes of RSV in Assam, northeast India are NA1 and GA5. To our knowledge this is the first report of circulation of the NA1 genotype in India.

show abstract

“…Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a member of the Pneumovirus genus within the family Paramyxoviridae , is the single most important viral respiratory pathogen infecting infants and young children worldwide, as well as an important cause of respiratory tract illness in the elderly, transplant patients, and immune suppressed [ 12 , 22 , 33 , 48 , 51 ]. The RSV genome (15 kb) is single-stranded, negative-sense RNA that contains 10 transcription units which are sequentially transcribed to produce 11 proteins in the following order: NS1, NS2, N, P, M, SH, G, F, M2-1, M2-2, and L [ 52 ]. The NS1 and NS2 non-structural proteins are not expressed on the virion but are two of the most abundantly expressed RNAs in RSV-infected cells due to their promoter-proximal location [ 5 , 11 , 15 ] These accessory proteins have been shown to act cooperatively to suppress the activation and nuclear translocation of the IFN-regulatory factor IRF-3 [ 4 , 47 ], and inhibit the type I IFN signaling cascade by mediating proteosome degradation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) with Elongin-Cullin E3 ligase [ 10 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) attachment and nonstructural proteins modify the type I interferon response associated with suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins and IFN-stimulated gene-15 (ISG15)

Moore

Barber

Tripp

2008

Virol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe lower airway disease in infants and young children, but no safe and effective RSV vaccine is yet available. Factors attributing to this problem are associated with an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms by which RSV modulates the host cell response to infection. In the present study, we investigate suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1 and SOCS3 expression associated with the type I IFN and IFNstimulated gene (ISG)-15 response following infection of mouse lung epithelial (MLE-15) cells with RSV or RSV mutant viruses lacking the G gene, or NS1 and NS2 gene deletions. Studies in MLE-15 cells are important as this cell line represents the distal bronchiolar and alveolar epithelium of mice, the most common animal model used to evaluate the host cell response to RSV infection, and exhibit morphologic characteristics of alveolar type II cells, a primary cell type targeted during RSV infection. These results show an important role for SOCS1 regulation of the antiviral host response to RSV infection, and demonstrate a novel role for RSV G protein manipulation of SOCS3 and modulation of ISG15 and IFNβ mRNA expression.

show abstract

Pneumovirus and Metapneumovirus: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus

Cited by 3 publications

References 299 publications

Pharmacologic Advances in the Treatment and Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Pharmacologic Advances in the Treatment and Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus NA1 and GA5 genotypes detected in Assam in northeast India, 2009–2012

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) attachment and nonstructural proteins modify the type I interferon response associated with suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins and IFN-stimulated gene-15 (ISG15)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About