Pneumatic Sampler (P-Sampler) for the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) Mission

Zacny, K.; Thomas, Lisa; Paulsen, G.; Dyne, Dylan Van; Lam, S. K.; Williams, Hunter; Sabahi, D.; Ng, Phil; Satou, Yasutaka; Kato, Hideki; Sawada, Hirotaka; Usui, Tomohiro; Fujimoto, M.; Mueller, Robert P.; Zolensky, M. E.; Statler, Tom; Dudzinski, Len; Chu, P.; Spring, Justin

doi:10.1109/aero47225.2020.9172470

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The OSIRIS-REx mission's TAGSAM (Touch-And-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism) was developed for the loose surface material of an asteroid [40]. The Pneumatic Sampler for the JAXA MMX (Martian Moons eXploration) mission is designed for the loose surface of Phobos [41]. The Rosetta mission's Philae lander rotary drill, SD2 (Sampler, Drill and Distribution), was designed to acquire a subsurface comet sample [42].…”

Section: A Dual Rasp Sampling System Can Acquire Samples From Plume Deposit Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling Ocean Materials, Traces of Life or Biosignatures in Plume Deposits on Enceladus’ Surface

Choukroun

Backes²,

Cable³

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the AAS

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Section: A Dual Rasp Sampling System Can Acquire Samples From Plume Deposit Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling Ocean Materials, Traces of Life or Biosignatures in Plume Deposits on Enceladus’ Surface

Choukroun

Backes²,

Cable³

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the AAS

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“…(2021) and Zacny et al. (2020). (b) Depth profiles of the cross section for Phobos surface regolith and subsurface samples for the operation of the C‐SMP and P‐SMP, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Curation protocol of Phobos sample returned by Martian Moons eXploration

Fukai,

Usui,

Fujiya

et al. 2024

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission will launch a spacecraft in 2024 to return samples from Phobos in 2029. Curatorial work for the returned Phobos samples is critical for the sample allocation without degrading the sample integrity and subsequent sample analysis that will provide new constraints on the origin of Phobos and the evolution of the circum‐Mars environment. The Sample Analysis Working Team of the MMX is designing the sample curation protocol. The curation protocol consists of three phases: (1) quick analysis (extraction and mass spectrometry for gases), (2) pre‐basic characterization (bulk‐scale observation), and (3) basic characterization (grain‐by‐grain observation and allocation of the sample aliquots). Nondestructive analyses within the clean chamber (e.g., visible and near‐infrared spectral imaging) and outside the chamber (e.g., gas mass spectrometry) are incorporated into the curation flow in coordination with the MMX mission instrument teams for ground‐truthing the remote‐sensing data sets. The MMX curation/sample analysis flow enables the seamless integration between the sample and remote‐sensing data sets to maximize the scientific value of the collected Phobos samples.

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“…Penetration, vibration, and other tests on Phobos soil simulants conducted by JAXA will evaluate to what extent the stratigraphy of the Phobos surface materials can be preserved. On the other hand, the P-sampler will collect regolith samples at the very surface of Phobos (Zacny et al 2020). Thus, the regolith samples collected by the P-sampler may show pronounced in uence of solar wind, cosmic rays, and micrometeorite bombardment, like the regolith samples on the asteroid Itokawa returned by the Hayabusa spacecraft Noguchi et al, 2011).…”

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Analytical Protocols for Phobos Regolith Samples Returned by the Martian Moons Exploration (MMX) Mission

Fujiya

Furukawa

Sugahara

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) will launch a spacecraft in 2024 for a sample return mission from Phobos (Martian Moons eXploration: MMX). Touchdown operations are planned to be performed twice at different landing sites on the Phobos surface to collect >10 g of the Phobos surface materials with coring and pneumatic sampling systems on board. The Sample Analysis Working Team (SAWT) of MMX is now designing analytical protocols of the returned Phobos samples to shed light on the origin of the Martian moons as well as the evolution of the Mars-moon system. Observations of petrology and mineralogy, and measurements of bulk chemical compositions and stable isotopic ratios of, e.g., O, Cr, and Ti can provide crucial information about the origin of Phobos. If Phobos is a captured asteroid composed of primitive chondritic materials, as inferred from its reflectance spectra, the nature of organic matter as well as bulk H, N, and Zn isotopic compositions characterize the volatile materials in the samples and constrain the type of the captured asteroid. Cosmogenic and solar wind components, most pronounced in noble gas isotopic compositions, can reveal surface processes on Phobos. Long- and short-lived radionuclide chronometry such as 53Mn-53Cr and 87Rb-87Sr systematics can date pivotal events like impacts, thermal metamorphism, and aqueous alteration on Phobos. It should be noted that the Phobos regolith is expected to contain a small amount of materials delivered from Mars, which may be physically and chemically different from any Martian meteorites in our collection and thus are particularly precious. The analysis plan will be designed to detect such Martian materials, if any, from the returned samples dominated by the Phobos building blocks in curation procedures at JAXA before they are processed for further analyses.

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Pneumatic Sampler (P-Sampler) for the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) Mission

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Sampling Ocean Materials, Traces of Life or Biosignatures in Plume Deposits on Enceladus’ Surface

Sampling Ocean Materials, Traces of Life or Biosignatures in Plume Deposits on Enceladus’ Surface

Curation protocol of Phobos sample returned by Martian Moons eXploration

Analytical Protocols for Phobos Regolith Samples Returned by the Martian Moons Exploration (MMX) Mission

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