Plutonium Release Fractions from Accidental Fires

Kogan, Vladimir; Schumacher, P.M.

doi:10.13182/nt08-a3922

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…from the analytical scale [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] to the real scale [13,14]), contaminants (oxide and salt) and fire conditions (flaming, non-flaming). Similarly to the results reported by previous authors [15], we present in Fig. 1 a summary of available data on airborne release fractions (ARF: mass of contaminant released in aerosol form divided by the overall mass of contaminant deposited) for the glove box materials most commonly used in the nuclear industry (mainly Plexiglas TM PMMA and LEXAN TM PC) and for main contaminant particles (UO 2 [6,7]; 80% UO 2 -20% PuO 2 [8,9]; CeO 2 [10,12,14]; 84% CeO 2 -16% EuO 2 [13,14]; CsCl [14]; Co 2 O 3 [14]; La 2 O 3 [14]).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Contribution to the study of particle resuspension kinetics during thermal degradation of polymers

Ouf

Delcour

Azéma

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Experimental results are reported on the resuspension of particles deposited on polymer samples representative of glove boxes used in the nuclear industry, under thermal degradation. A parametric study was carried out on the effects of heat flux, air flow rate, fuel type and particle size distribution. Small-scale experiments were conducted on 10 cm × 10 cm PolyMethyl MethAcrylate (PMMA) and PolyCarbonate (PC) samples covered with aluminium oxide particles with physical geometric diameters of 0.7 and 3.6 μm. It was observed for both polymer (fuel) samples that heat flux has no effect on the airborne release fraction (ARF), whereas particle size is a significant parameter. In the case of the PMMA sample, ARF values for 0.7 and 3.6 μm diameter particles range from 12.2% (± 6.2%) to 2.1% (± 0.6%), respectively, whereas the respective values for the PC sample range from 3.2% (± 0.8%) to 6.9% (± 3.9%). As the particle diameter increases, a significant decrease in particle release is observed for the PMMA sample, whereas an increase is observed for the PC sample. Furthermore, a peak airborne release rate is observed during the first instants of PMMA exposure to thermal stress. An empirical relationship has been proposed between the duration of this peak release and the external heat flux.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Contribution to the study of particle resuspension kinetics during thermal degradation of polymers

Ouf

Delcour

Azéma

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…The evolution of airborne contaminants from a burning liquid is a well-established phenomenon, but mechanistic models are still being developed. While literature exists on the basic phenomenology, it has yet to be consolidated and verified in a way that provides confident predictions of fuel fire ARF and RF for a variety of scenarios (see comparatively recent reviews by [Kogan 2008] and [Bagul 2013]).…”

Section: Beaker Firementioning

confidence: 99%

NSRD-16: Computational Capability to Substantiate DOE-HDBk-3010 Data

Louie

Bignell

et al. 2019

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Safety basis analysts throughout the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex rely heavily on the information provided in the DOE Handbook, DOE-HDBK-3010, Airborne Release Fractions/Rates and Respirable Fractions for Nonreactor Nuclear Facilities, to determine source terms. In calculating source terms, analysts tend to use the DOE Handbook's bounding values on airborne release fractions (ARFs) and respirable fractions (RFs) for various categories of insults (representing potential accident release categories). This is typically due to both time constraints and the avoidance of regulatory critique. Unfortunately, these bounding ARFs/RFs represent extremely conservative values. Moreover, they were derived from very limited smallscale table-top and bench/laboratory experiments and/or from engineered judgment. Thus the basis for the data may not be representative to the actual unique accident conditions and configurations being evaluated. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Dr. Louis F. Restrepo of Atkins NS has provided guidance and review for this project. He is one of the original contributors and reviewers to DOE-HDBK-3010, and both his expertise with DOE-HDBK-3010 and his extensive experience in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility nuclear safety have helped this project significantly. We also thank the summer intern, Ethan T. Zepper, for providing support in the simulations of the pool fire scenario, Dr. John Bignell for assisting the use of Presto code for the impact powder can simulation early in the project, and many of the SIERRA's solid mechanics team for their support, especially Dr.

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“…The source term of a plutonium fire accident can be determined with the following equation which appears in a review on plutonium dispersion during fires (Kogan & Schumacher, 2008).…”

Section: Dynamic Range Effect Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactor accident chemistry an update

Foreman

2018

Cogent Chemistry

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A review and discussion of some of the literature on the subject of serious nuclear reactor accidents. This review addresses some biological issues such as the influence of dose rate on the ability of radiation to cause harm, the chemistry of a selection of serious accidents and the behaviour of a series of important fission products and the actinides. This review is intended for scientists with a professional interest in nuclear reactors, chemists in general and I expect that it will be of use to historians with an interest in the nuclear industry and its relationship with wider society.

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Plutonium Release Fractions from Accidental Fires

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Contribution to the study of particle resuspension kinetics during thermal degradation of polymers

Contribution to the study of particle resuspension kinetics during thermal degradation of polymers

NSRD-16: Computational Capability to Substantiate DOE-HDBk-3010 Data

Reactor accident chemistry an update

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