Pluteus insidiosus Complex, Four New Species Described and Pluteus reisneri Resurrected

Abstract

We studied the taxonomy of Pluteus insidiosus and similar species using morphological and molecular (nrITS, TEF1-α) data, including a detailed study of the type collection of P. insidiosus. Based on our results, we recognize five species in this group: P. insidiosus sensu stricto and four other taxa: P. assimilates; P. farensis; P. flavostipitatus; and P. pseudoinsidiosus; described here as new. All these taxa are distinct from each other based on molecular data, but some of them are semi-cryptic based on morphology and co-occur in the Palaearctic region. An additional molecular lineage, phylogenetically separates from the P. insidiosus complex, but with many morphological similarities, was recognized in the molecular phylogenies. Based on the revision of available type collections, the name Pluteus reisneri Velen., was adopted for this Clade. Pluteus reisneri was validly published in 1921, but it has barely been used since its original description. A modern epitype, with molecular data, was selected for P. reisneri.

Holarctic Species in the Pluteus romellii Clade. Five New Species Described and Old Names Reassessed

“…This genus currently includes about five hundred accepted species [ 5 ], but a lot of them need taxonomic revision using modern phylogenetic methods. Pluteus species are widely distributed in Holarctic [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], Neotropical [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], Paleotropical [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ] and Austral ecosystems [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The genus has traditionally been subdivided into morphological groups (sections, subsections) according to the characteristics of the hymenial cystidia and the type of pileipellis [ 3 , 22 , 23 , 32 ].…”