Pluronic® F127-Based Ocular Delivery System Containing Biodegradable Polyisobutylcyanoacrylate Nanocapsules of Pilocarpine

Abstract

The objectives of our study were to prepare a biodegradable polyisobutylcyanoacrylate (PIBCA) colloidal particulate system of pilocarpine, to incorporate it into a Pluronic F127(PF127)-based gel delivery system, and to evaluate its ability to prolong the release of pilocarpine. Polyisobutylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules (PIBCA-NC) of pilocarpine were prepared by interfacial polymerization. Physicochemical characterization of the colloidal dispersion of PIBCA-NC of pilocarpine was performed by measuring drug loading, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that approximately 13.5% of pilocarpine was loaded onto the PIBCA-NC, the nanocapsules ranged from 370 to 460 nm, the distribution was narrow, and there was no significant effect of stirring speed on particle size. The PIBCA-NC dispersion of 1% pilocarpine alone (I) and after incorporation into the Pluronic F127 gel delivery system (II) were compared against 1% pilocarpine incorporated into a PF127 gel containing 5% methylcellulose (PF127MC) alone (III) by measuring the miotic response in the albino rabbit eye. Statistical analysis indicated a rank-order for both the duration and intensity of miosis of II > III >> I, with all differences being significant (p < 0.05). Thus, it appears that II increases the contact time of pilocarpine with the absorbing tissue in the eye, thereby improving ocular bioavailability. The PIBCA-NC of pilocarpine dispersed in the PF127MC gel delivery system has considerable potential for achieving a prolonged delivery for such drugs as pilocarpine and other more hydrophobic drugs.