Pluronic-based micelle encapsulation potentiates myricetin-induced cytotoxicity in human glioblastoma cells

Abstract

As one of the natural herbal flavonoids, myricetin has attracted much research interest, mainly owing to its remarkable anticancer properties and negligible side effects. It holds great potential to be developed as an ideal anticancer drug through improving its bioavailability. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Pluronic-based micelle encapsulation on myricetin-induced cytotoxicity and the mechanisms underlying its anticancer properties in human glioblastoma cells. Cell viability was assessed using a methylthiazol tetrazolium assay and a real-time cell analyzer. Immunoblotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction techniques were used for determining the expression levels of related molecules in protein and mRNA. The results indicated that myricetin-induced cytotoxicity was highly potentiated by the encapsulation of myricetin. Mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was demonstrated to be involved in myricetin-induced glioblastoma cell death. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/PI3K/Akt pathway located in the plasma membrane and cytosol and the RAS-ERK pathway located in mitochondria served as upstream and downstream targets, respectively, in myricetin-induced apoptosis. MiR-21 inhibitors interrupted the expression of EGFR, p-Akt, and K-Ras in the same fashion as myricetin-loaded mixed micelles (MYR-MCs) and miR-21 expression were dose-dependently inhibited by MYR-MCs, indicating the interaction of miR-21 with MYR-MCs. This study provided evidence supportive of further development of MYR-MC formulation for preferentially targeting mitochondria of glioblastoma cells.

Development of Lipid–Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Improving Oral Absorption of Enoxaparin

“…P407 is a thermo-sensitive polymer, and it can form gels when the ambient temperature is above gelation temperature. According to previous research [3,24,29], the increase in P407 concentration in the gel increases its viscosity. When the amount of P407 is 20%, its viscosity is not enough to restrain the enoxaparin in the internal gel core.…”

“…P407-based hydrogels exhibit interesting nature at certain concentration levels. That is, they are in a liquid state below gelation temperature and turn into a viscosity-enhancing gel above gelation temperature [24,25].…”

Magnetocontrolled protein membranes for cell cultures co-cultivation

“…After incubation, added 150 L of MTT solvent (4 mM HCl, 0.1% NP40 in isopropanol) into each well (incubating for 15 minutes). Plate was read within 1 hour at OD=590 nm 46 using a plate reader.…”

Review of Natural Product-Derived Compounds as Potent Antiglioblastoma Drugs

“…Treated with MYR, cytochrome c, Bcl-2, MDM2, K-Ras, Raf-1, and ERKs (ERK and pERK) are decreased, and Bax, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bad are increased. Pluronic-based micelle encapsulation on MYR (MYR micelles (MYR-MCs)) strengthens the effect of MYR itself [ 64 ]. Lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis ) aqueous extract has a number of phenolic compounds, protocatechuic, caftaric, caffeic, ferulic, and cichoric acids and flavonoid luteolin-7-glucoside.…”