Ploidy levels and reproductive behaviour in invasive Hieracium pilosella in Patagonia

Krahulec, František; Krahulcová, Anna

doi:10.3897/neobiota.11.1349

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Alternatively, selection could also play a role. Especially in open landscapes clonal individuals are thought to have a higher colonization potential than sexual individuals (Tomlinson 1966, Krahulec & Krahulcová 2011. However, Sailer et al (2014) have shown that in Hieracium pilosella sexual members are better inter-specific competitors than clonal individuals, which would be an argument against the clonal plants having a competitive advantage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Genetic variability and morphology of tri- and tetraploid members of the Sorbus aria complex in northern Bavaria

Feulner¹,

Weig²,

Paule³

et al. 2017

Preslia

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. (2017): Genetic variability and morphology of tri-and tetraploid members of the Sorbus aria complex in northern Bavaria. -Preslia 89: 275-290.The Sorbus aria complex in the Franconian Jura, northern Bavaria, consists of the sexual diploid S. aria s. str. and putative apomictic polyploids, among them S. collina and S. danubialis. Here, the genetic and cytotypic structure of the S. aria complex and the proportion of clonal versus variable genotypes with a special focus on S. collina are studied using nuclear microsatellite markers, flow cytometry and multivariate morphometrics. In the Franconian Jura the tetraploid S. collina is the most frequent taxon in the S. aria complex. It consists of six closely related clones and a high number of unique genotypes, which were found in 70% of the populations studied. Morphologically, most of the clones and the unique tetraploid genotypes are not significantly differentiated. Therefore, all of them could be assigned to S. collina. Mechanisms that could result in the high number of genotypes within S. collina are accumulations of mutations, remnant sexuality, multiple polyploidization events and backcrossing. The results show that S. collina is a genetically quite variable facultative apomictic taxon. Triploids were identified sporadically and the microsatellites pointed to an origin from repeated hybridization events between diploid S. aria s. str. and S. collina. K e y w o r d s:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Genetic variability and morphology of tri- and tetraploid members of the Sorbus aria complex in northern Bavaria

Feulner¹,

Weig²,

Paule³

et al. 2017

Preslia

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“…In such species, apomictic genotypes are predicted to be more efficient colonizers than sexual genotypes. This view is supported by the phenomenon of geographical parthenogenesis, which describes that apomictic cytotypes are geographically more widespread than sexual cytotypes 10-14 , and the finding that invasive alien species are often apomictic 15-17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dynamics of apomictic and sexual reproduction during primary succession on a glacier forefield in the Swiss Alps

Sailer

Stöcklin

Grossniklaus

2019

Preprint

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Apomixis, the asexual reproduction through seeds, is thought to provide reproductive assurance when ploidy is not even and/or when population density is low. Therefore, apomicts are expected to be more abundant, and the frequency of apomictic offspring higher, at early stages of primary succession when mates are rare.To test this hypothesis, we sampled facultative apomictic Hieracium pilosella L. along the successional gradient on a glacier forefield and determined their ploidy, the level of apomixis in their offspring, and the genetic diversity of the entire meta-population and within subpopulations.We found that apomixis is more common in odd- and aneuploid cytotypes, which are more frequent at early stages of primary succession. However, apomixis was uncommon at all successional stages and sexual hexaploids were dominating throughout. Reproductive assurance was reflected in the higher fertility of all odd-ploid apomictic plants (3x, 5x) by avoiding meiosis, illustrating that apomixis provides an escape from sterility, as proposed by Darlington. Odd-ploid plants are supposedly better colonizers (Baker’s law), which is supported by their higher occurrence close to the glacier snout. Independent of succession, we found gene flow between apomicts and sexuals, which allows for the continuous creation of new apomictic and sexual genotypes.We conclude that apomixis in H. pilosella does indeed provide an escape from sterility, and therefore reproductive assurance, in aneuploid cytotypes. We further propose that apomixis preserves beneficial combinations of unlinked alleles in every generation for as long as apomictic genotypes persist in the population.

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“…In North America, most species are polyploid and invasive except diploid H. umbellatum , which has also the largest distribution area of any diploid Hieracium species in Europe, and H. canadense , which occurs in northern NA and is sometimes considered a synonym or a subspecies of H. umbellatum [ 17 , 18 ]. Subgenus Pilosella has been elevated to genus level by Bräutigam and Greuter [ 19 ]; it is mainly distributed in Europe and West Asia with about 150 species and comprises a few native species occurring in northwest Africa, but is also introduced to other areas like New Zealand, Australia and America, where it often became invasive [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Pilosella is well-known for its extensive variation in ploidy levels, ranging from diploids to octoploids, and facultative aposporous apomixis [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multigene Phylogeny of Native American Hawkweeds (Hieracium Subgen. Chionoracium, Cichorieae, Asteraceae): Origin, Speciation Patterns, and Migration Routes

Fehrer

Bertrand

Hartmann

et al. 2022

Plants

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Native American hawkweeds are mainly mountainous species that are distributed all over the New World. They are severely understudied with respect to their origin, colonization of the vast distribution area, and species relationships. Here, we attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the group by applying seven molecular markers (plastid, nuclear ribosomal and low-copy genes). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Chionoracium is a subgenus of the mainly Eurasian genus Hieracium, which originated from eastern European hawkweeds about 1.58–2.24 million years ago. Plastid DNA suggested a single origin of all Chionoracium species. They colonized the New World via Beringia and formed several distinct lineages in North America. Via one Central American lineage, the group colonized South America and radiated into more than a hundred species within about 0.8 million years, long after the closure of the Isthmus of Panama and the most recent uplift of the Andes. Despite some incongruences shown by different markers, most of them revealed the same crown groups of closely related taxa, which were, however, largely in conflict with traditional sectional classifications. We provide a basic framework for further elucidation of speciation patterns. A thorough taxonomic revision of Hieracium subgen. Chionoracium is recommended.

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Ploidy levels and reproductive behaviour in invasive Hieracium pilosella in Patagonia

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Genetic variability and morphology of tri- and tetraploid members of the Sorbus aria complex in northern Bavaria

Genetic variability and morphology of tri- and tetraploid members of the Sorbus aria complex in northern Bavaria

Dynamics of apomictic and sexual reproduction during primary succession on a glacier forefield in the Swiss Alps

A Multigene Phylogeny of Native American Hawkweeds (Hieracium Subgen. Chionoracium, Cichorieae, Asteraceae): Origin, Speciation Patterns, and Migration Routes

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