Plio-Pleistocene fluvial dynamics in the pro-foreland basins of Taiwan: Thermochronological constraints and tectonic implications from the syn-orogenic deposits

Huang, Shao-Yi; Lee, Yuan-Hsi; Mesalles, L.; Horng, Chorng‐Shern; Lu, Hsiao-feng; Tsai, Yun-Li; Wu, Yung-Chun; Chen, Fu-Yue; Tan, Xibin

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2022.229486

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…After this south‐flowing system changed to west‐flowing at about 0.6 Ma, the source of the basin sediments changed to the Tsengwen, which does not extend to the Central Range and thus has no slate fragments. A recent study also proposed that at least one of the north‐flowing Chuoshui tributaries was not flowing into the current Chuoshui trunk at ~1 Ma (Huang et al, 2022). Timing of such drainage reorganization is consistent with our proposed time‐location model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a simultaneous building of the orogenic belt would imply that the colliding Luzon arc and the Eurasian continental margin are more or less parallel (Lee et al, 2015), inconsistent with most of the observations, especially the pre‐collisional palaeogeography. Detrital thermochronometry indicates clearly that at least part of the mountain belt was eroding rapidly at 3 to 7 Ma (Huang et al, 2022; Kirstein et al, 2010). Given the shallow level of exhumation of southern Taiwan, it is unlikely that such high rates of exhumation were experienced until much later.…”

Section: Geological Background Of the Western Taiwan Orogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural control on drainage pattern development of the western Taiwan orogenic wedge

Chen

Ôta

Willett

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Structural control on drainage patterns has long been suggested to play an important role in the development of fluvial systems, including their map pattern. Along the western Taiwan orogenic wedge, a prominent drainage pattern change is present, from predominantly orogen parallel drainages in the south to river systems that flow perpendicular to the long axis of the mountain belt in the north. Such change likely reflects the temporal evolutionary process as the Taiwan orogen propagates southward. We propose that the flow direction change of river systems is produced by the development of the fold‐and‐thrust belt on the pro‐wedge side of the mountain belt and is facilitated by drainage reorganization that includes abrupt drainage captures and more gradual divide movements, permitting drainage basins to attain a geometrically stable configuration with time. Our observations in Taiwan demonstrate not only how tectonic uplift is effective at modifying river patterns in the early stages of orogenic development but also how time and increased stream power encourage river networks to adjust to more effective patterns in mature mountain belts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Background Of the Western Taiwan Orogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural control on drainage pattern development of the western Taiwan orogenic wedge

Chen

Ôta

Willett

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…The abrupt occurrence of a continental conglomerate marks the end of the Cholan Formation and the beginning of the overlying Lower Pleistocene Toukoshan Formation at ca 1.2 Ma (Figure 1C). Since the studied stratigraphic interval is relatively young, it is assumed that the modern‐day sediment routing system is similar to that during the Plio‐Pleistocene because Taiwan had already formed and was in a relatively similar geographical position (Dashtgard et al, 2021a; Horng & Huh, 2011; Hsieh et al, 2022; Huang et al, 2022; Nagel et al, 2013; Nayak et al, 2022).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WFB has been studied extensively for its geodynamic evolution (Mouthereau et al, 2001; Nagel et al, 2018; Simoes & Avouac, 2006), stratigraphy (Chen et al, 2001; Covey, 1984, 1986; Huang et al, 2002; Lee, 1963; Lin et al, 2003, 2007, 2021), magneto‐biostratigraphy (Chang & Chi, 1983; Chi & Huang, 1981; Horng & Shea, 1996, 2007; Huang, 1976), palaeogeography (Nagel et al, 2013), provenance (Chen et al, 2019; Hsieh et al, 2022; Huang et al, 2022; Nagel et al, 2014) and palaeoclimate conditions (Vaucher et al, 2021, 2023). Depositional dynamics and processes have also been assessed at a range of scales (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storm‐flood‐dominated delta succession in the Pleistocene Taiwan Strait

Vaucher

Dillinger

Hsieh

et al. 2023

The Depositional Record

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Storm‐flood‐dominated deltas are sedimentary systems in which a complex interplay of hydrodynamic processes occurs during storms (e.g. tropical cyclones) due to the coeval action of continental and oceanic processes. This paper reports on a superbly exposed, 135.5 m thick stratigraphic succession of the Pleistocene Cholan Formation exposed along the Da'an River, Taiwan. The sedimentary succession comprises alternating mudstone and sandstone, is mostly fine‐grained, and exhibits multiple event beds that record deposition during tropical cyclones and post‐depositional deformation features produced during earthquakes. Detailed facies analyses reveal that deposition towards the base of the succession occurred in the palaeo‐Taiwan Strait in storm‐flood‐dominated prodelta and delta‐front environments passing upwards into delta‐plain environments. Tropical cyclone beds are encountered throughout the subaqueous storm‐flood delta successions, and are identified by (i) trough cross‐stratified sandstone bedsets with erosive bases that contain both mud clasts and mudstone beds, (ii) sandstone with aggrading wave ripples and (iii) hummocky cross‐stratified sandstone with rare gutter casts filled with coal fragments and shell remains. Tropical cyclone deposits are either top‐down burrowed or capped by massive or laminated mudstone. Seismites are rare and are mainly recognised through soft‐sediment deformation of beds; they do not show evidence of slope failure. Compared to storm‐flood delta successions described elsewhere, the Cholan Formation shows significantly fewer oscillatory‐generated sedimentary structures and gutter casts. This difference is attributed to the Cholan Formation being deposited in and along the margin of a strait characterised by strong shore‐parallel currents and relatively small storm waves due to its position between Taiwan and mainland China. This study refines depositional process interpretations of the Cholan Formation, provides criteria for recognising storm‐flood delta deposits in tectonically active straits with multiple sediment sources fed by steep drainages and short river catchments, and provides additional criteria for recognising tropical cyclone deposits in shallow‐marine settings.

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“…The long-term exhumation rate can be deduced from the rock cooling rates based on low-temperature thermochronometry (LTT). Cooling ages and fission track measurements have been modeled to determine the most likely cooling paths of the Taiwan orogenic belt (Liu, 1982;Liu et al, 2000;Willett et al, 2003;Fuller et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2006;Beyssac et al, 2007;Kirstein et al, 2010;Kirstein et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2015;Hsu et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2022;Lee et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The exhumation history of the middle Hsuehshan Range, Taiwan, as revealed by zircon thermochronological modeling

et al. 2023

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Plio-Pleistocene fluvial dynamics in the pro-foreland basins of Taiwan: Thermochronological constraints and tectonic implications from the syn-orogenic deposits

Cited by 5 publications

References 76 publications

Structural control on drainage pattern development of the western Taiwan orogenic wedge

Structural control on drainage pattern development of the western Taiwan orogenic wedge

Storm‐flood‐dominated delta succession in the Pleistocene Taiwan Strait

The exhumation history of the middle Hsuehshan Range, Taiwan, as revealed by zircon thermochronological modeling

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