Platinum Nanorod Arrays with Preferred Morphological and Crystal Properties for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Khudhayer, Wisam J.; Shaikh, Ali U.; Karabacak, Tansel

doi:10.1166/asl.2011.1867

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…It should be noted that (111) is the energetically preferred growth plane of conventional polycrystalline Pt thin films. 12 This observation was confirmed by Bonakdarpour et al 7 who reported that the crystallographic structure of sputtered Pt thin film electrocatalysts on GLAD substrates is similar to Pt films sputtered onto flat surfaces, such as Si wafers and GC disks, or rough surfaces such as 3M's NSTF. However, the crystal orientation of the Pt film on the sidewalls of Cr nanorods can be quite different than (111), due to the growth dynamics discussed above, and needs further investigation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…For the QCM measurements, Pt coatings were deposited directly on quartz crystals and the loading values were determined by comparing the oscillation frequencies of the blank and the coated crystal. 12 Electrochemical measurements (CV and RDE) were performed using a three electrode glass cell, room temperature 0.1 M HClO 4 electrolyte (GFS Chemicals, Inc.), and a potentiostat (Pine Instrument, NC). The electrochemical cell was comprised of a working electrode of a GC disk on which Pt-coated Cr nanorods were deposited, a Pt wire counter electrode located in a separate fritted compartment, and a silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) reference electrode.…”

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GLAD Cr Nanorods Coated with SAD Pt Thin Film for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Khudhayer

Kariuki

Myers

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Vertically aligned chromium nanorod arrays were grown on glassy carbon electrodes by a dc magnetron sputtering glancing angle deposition (GLAD) technique. The Cr nanorods were used as low-cost, high surface area, metallic supports for a conformal Pt thin film, resulting in a potential low-loading electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Conformal coatings of Pt on Cr nanorods were achieved using a dc magnetron sputtering small angle deposition (SAD) technique. The electrocatalytic ORR activity of SAD-Pt/GLAD-Cr electrodes was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and rotating-disk electrode techniques in a 0.1 M HClO 4 solution at temperatures ranging from 20 to 60 • C, and was compared to those of GLAD Cr nanorods coated with Pt thin film deposited at normal and large angles of incidence. The results show that SADPt/GLAD-Cr nanorods exhibit higher values of electrochemically-active surface area (ECSA), area-and mass-specific activities, and better stability against loss of ECSA during potential cycling in the acidic electrolyte. The improved ORR activity and enhanced catalyst utilization of SAD-Pt/GLAD-Cr electrode might be attributed to a better Pt conformality, especially at the sidewalls of the nanorods, and a preferential exposure of certain crystal facets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

GLAD Cr Nanorods Coated with SAD Pt Thin Film for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Khudhayer

Kariuki

Myers

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Gall et al [425][426][427][428] and Karabacak et al [127,[429][430][431] have extensively applied OAD methodology to the fabrication of Pt-based cathodes for PEMFCs and develop Pt/C cathodes through the dynamic MS-OAD of carbon nanorods (a $ 85 ) onto flat, pre-patterned substrates, followed by posterior decoration of their tips with Pt deposited by MS in the classic (non-oblique) configuration [426]. The use of these pre-patterned surfaces yielded C layers that were highly porous in the vicinity of the substrate, but became rather compact and similar to thin films obtained by conventional MS at their ends.…”

Section: Pemfc Fuel Cell Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Karabacak et al [429][430][431] focused their investigations on the MS deposition of well-crystallized Pt nanorods to improve their efficiency in oxygen reduction reactions without carbon support. To achieve this, they studied the formation of well-isolated, single-crystalline and vertically aligned Pt nanorods formed by dynamic OAD at an oblique angle of 85°, finding that the Pt OAD films exhibit a higher specific activity, higher electron-transfer rate and comparable activation energy when compared to conventional Pt/C electrodes.…”

Section: Pemfc Fuel Cell Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices

Barranco

Borrás

González‐Elipe

et al. 2016

Progress in Materials Science

601

436

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a b s t r a c tThe oblique angle configuration has emerged as an invaluable tool for the deposition of nanostructured thin films. This review develops an up to date description of its principles, including the atomistic mechanisms governing film growth and nanostructuration possibilities, as well as a comprehensive description of the applications benefiting from its incorporation in actual devices. In contrast with other reviews on the subject, the electron beam assisted evaporation technique is analyzed along with other methods operating at oblique angles, including, among others, magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser or ion beam-assisted deposition techniques. To account for the existing differences between deposition in vacuum or in the presence of a plasma, mechanistic simulations are critically revised, discussing well-established paradigms such as the tangent or cosine rules, and proposing new models that explain the growth of tilted porous nanostructures. In the second part, we present an extensive description of applications wherein oblique-angle-deposited thin films are of relevance. From there, we proceed by considering the requirements of a large number of functional devices in which these films are currently being utilized (e.g., solar cells, Li batteries, electrochromic glasses, biomaterials, sensors, etc.), and subsequently describe how and why these nanostructured materials meet with these needs.

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“…Darüber hinaus ist die Verwendung von nicht trä-gerfixierten Platinnanostrukturen ebenfalls untersucht worden, um den Beitrag der Trägerkorrosion auf die allgemeine Degradation auszuschließen. [62][63][64]70] Ein weiterer, prominenter Ansatz wurde von 3M entwickelt: so genannte nanostrukturierte Dünnschichtkatalysatoren (NSTF), die aus einer orientierten Anordnung von kristallinen organischen Pigment-Whiskern bestehen und auf die anschließend Platin durch Sputtern aufgetragen wird. [164,165] Diese Katalysatoren sind nicht nur aktiver als Kohlenstoff-fixierte Katalysatoren, sie zeigen fast gleiche spezifische Aktivität wie die von ausgedehnten Oberflächen.…”

Section: Korrosion Des Trägersunclassified

Die Elektrochemie des Sauerstoffs als Meilenstein für eine nachhaltige Energieumwandlung

et al. 2013

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Elektrochemie wird eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Einführung von nachhaltigen Lösungen zur Energieversorgung spielen, besonders im Bereich der Umwandlung und Speicherung von elektrischer in chemische Energie in Elektrolysezellen sowie bei der Rückumwandlung und Verwendung der gespeicherten Energie in galvanischen Zellen. Die gemeinsame Herausforderung für beide Prozesse ist die Entwicklung von – bevorzugt leicht verfügbaren – nanostrukturierten Materialien, die diese elektrochemischen Reaktionen mit einem hohen Umsatz und über einen genügend langen Zeitraum katalysieren können. Für die gezielte Entwicklung von Materialien, die diese Voraussetzungen erfüllen, ist es notwendig, die zugrunde liegenden Prozesse und Mechanismen, die unter realen Bedingungen auftreten, vollständig zu verstehen. Eine vielversprechende Strategie, um dieses Verständnis zu erreichen, besteht in der Untersuchung des Einflusses der Materialeigenschaften auf die Aktivität oder Selektivität der Reaktion und die Stabilität unter Anwendungsbedingungen sowie in der Verwendung von komplementären In‐situ‐Techniken zur Untersuchung der Katalysatorstruktur und ‐zusammensetung.

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Platinum Nanorod Arrays with Preferred Morphological and Crystal Properties for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

GLAD Cr Nanorods Coated with SAD Pt Thin Film for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

GLAD Cr Nanorods Coated with SAD Pt Thin Film for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices

Die Elektrochemie des Sauerstoffs als Meilenstein für eine nachhaltige Energieumwandlung

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