Platinum nanocatalysts on metal oxide based supports for low temperature fuel cell applications

Abstract

In this manuscript a survey of the contemporary research related to platinum nanocatalysts on metal oxide based supports for low temperature fuel cell applications is presented.

High surface area Pd nanocatalyst on core-shell tungsten based support as a beneficial catalyst for low temperature fuel cells application

“…The main problem of contemporary used catalysts for oxygen reduction is insufficient durability, causing catalysts degradation during long time use. Namely, during the startup/shut down procedure the high anodic potential value can be created (1.4 V vs RHE or even more positive), causing corrosion and chemical instability of the catalyst, especially carbon based supports [7][8][9][10]. Therefore, the adequate stability is crucial for long life time of the fuel cell.…”

“…However, due to the high price and scarcity of Pt the large commercialization is prevented so far. Although carbon based materials possess many desirable properties, such as high surface area, high conductivity, relatively low cost and easy synthesis, the large scale commercialization is limited by insufficient stability, especially at high positive potential values (1.4 V vs RHE and higher) [7]. Degradation of the fuel cells catalyst during exposure to high anodic potentials, especially at the startup/shut down conditions, has been already emphasized in literature, causing insufficient catalysts' durability, even the whole fuel cell degradation during the long time use [8][9][10].…”

Electrocatalytic Enhancement of 0D/1D/2D Multidimensional PtCo Alloy@Cobalt Benzoate/Graphene Composite Catalyst for Alcohol Electro‐Oxidation

“…Therefore, the synthesis of Pt based catalysts with high durability has become hot topic in material science. Two modifications have been focused to enhance the stability of Pt based catalysts . i) Pt self‐assembled nanostructures or superparticles have been explored due to their unique structural characteristics, consisting of high porosity, large surface area per unit volume, and stable self‐assembled frameworks.…”

Synergistic Supports Beyond Carbon Black for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Anodes

“…Even so, there are still some huge obstacles on the way to extensive commercialization of PEFCs; that is low performance, high cost and poor durability. In recent years, abundant significant advances have been made based on precious metal‐free materials for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in cathodes of PEFCs, among which heteroatom‐doped carbon materials and metal/carbon hybrids were commonly used . These novel materials with comparable or even higher ORR performance enable the implementation of cost‐effective cathodes for PEFCs.…”

“…The development of the durable cathode materials can thus be consulted towards the design of more durable anode catalysts . Up until now, the design of anode materials for electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrogen or other small organic molecules still relies on precious metal‐based materials such as Pt/Pd compounds ,. As is well known, these precious metals are expensive because of their limited supply from Earth's crust.…”