Platform to develop exhaust gas sensors manufactured by  glass-solder-supported joining of sintered yttria-stabilized zirconia

Schubert, F. H.; Wollenhaupt, Stefan; Kita, Jarosław; Hagen, Gunter; Moos, Ralf

doi:10.5194/jsss-5-25-2016

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As reported by Shubert et al [12] the heater should exhibit a homogeneous temperature distribution to maximize the sensor response. Sensor B therefore, showing the best performance in terms of both temperature uniformity and thermal stress, has been manufactured, tested and compared with the base sensor A in terms of light-off time (the time to be considered functional).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Electro-thermo-mechanical modelling of automotive exhaust sensors

d'Apolito

2021

Eng. Res. Express

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The development of automotive exhaust sensors is generally based on a time and resources consuming empirical approach. Building numerical models to study the behavior of the sensors is therefore an important key to reduce the development time and improve sensor quality. Zirconia sensor accuracy and response are dependent from temperature, so temperature is generally controlled in the desired range through a heating element. In the present study an electro-thermo-mechanical model of a heated zirconia oxygen sensor with planar structure has been provided. The numerical model has been used as a tool to study and compare different geometries of heaters. Several heater configurations have been modelled and compared in terms of: temperature rise in different points on the surface of the sensor both on the electrode side and heater side, average and maximum temperature, thermal stress and time for the sensor to be considered functional. The improved heater provided a lower peak temperature, but higher average temperature, more uniform temperature distribution, lower thermal stress and lower time than the base heater to reach the prescribed operational conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Okada et al [11] introduced a new generation of linear oxygen sensor with improved efficiency of the heater. Shubert et al [12] studied an yttriastabilized zirconia sensor with the heating and the sensing components joined via glass soldering and optimized the heater design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-thermo-mechanical modelling of automotive exhaust sensors

d'Apolito

2021

Eng. Res. Express

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“…The two different heater patterns used to achieve heating at central and peripheral areas, respectively, were designed based on thermography images of similar heater designs presented in [20]. Component thickness was chosen within the range of 300-1100 µm found for HTCC microcomponents in literature [8][9][10][11][12][13][16][17][18], many of which also contain cavities with single-sheet membranes [16,17,20,21].…”

Section: Design Of Generic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The co-fired ceramics technology is now established in microfabrication and has, for example, been used for realization of temperature [8], flow [9], pressure [10] and gas [11] sensors. The technology is divided into low-and hightemperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC and HTCC, respectively), where components made using the latter tolerate the highest temperatures of the two.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic variation of design aspects for a significant increase in thermal fracture resistance of alumina microthrusters

Åkerfeldt

Klintberg

Thornell

2021

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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Because of thermal stresses occurring upon rapid heating or cooling, microcomponents made from high-temperature co-fired ceramics (HTCC) often fail at temperatures far below what the materials can withstand per se. This work investigates how resistance to thermal fracture in HTCC microcomponents can be increased by improving the component design, aiming at increasing the thermal performance of a microthruster with integrated heaters. The effect of four design parameters: component and cavity geometries (circular or square), heater location (central or peripheral), and addition of embedded platinum layers, on thermal fracture resistance was investigated through a full factorial designed experiment. Components of different designs were manufactured, and their thermal fracture resistance tested by rapid heating until failure. Peripheral heater location and presence of embedded platinum layers were seen to improve resistance to thermal fracture, whereas the shape of the component and the cavity did not significantly affect thermal performance. The most favourable design was then used for a cold gas microthruster that was fabricated and evaluated with respect to thermal fracture resistance. The microthruster survived rapid heating up to 1460 • C and was operated as a cold gas thruster at temperatures up to 772 • C, which is more than twice the maximum temperatures previously reported for alumina microthrusters.

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“…The benefit of using YSZ is that it can conduct oxygen ions in high temperature. Besides this functional advantage, YSZ is physically strong and stable at high temperatures (Schubert, Wollenhaupt, Kita, Hagen, & Moos, 2016). YSZ along with electrodes of noble metals such as platinum or gold is used to build a NOx sensor and the concentration of NOx is communicated via an electrical signal.…”

Section: The Nox Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting NOx sensor failure in heavy duty trucks using histogram-based random forests

Gurung

Lindgren

̈om

2020

IJPHM

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Being able to accurately predict the impending failures of truck components is often associated with significant amount of cost savings, customer satisfaction and flexibility in maintenanceservice plans. However, because of the diversity in the way trucks typically are configured and their usage under different conditions, the creation of accurate prediction models is not an easy task. This paper describes an effort in creating such a prediction model for the NOx sensor, i.e., a component measuring the emitted level of nitrogen oxide in the exhaust of the engine. This component was chosen because it is vital for the truck to function properly, while at the same time being very fragile and costly to repair. As input to the model, technical specifications of trucks and their operational data are used. The process of collecting the data and making it ready for training the model via a slightly modified Random Forest learning algorithm is described along with various challenges encountered during this process. The operational data consists of features represented as histograms, posing an additional challenge for the data analysis task. In the study, a modified version of the random forest algorithm is employed, which exploits the fact that the individual bins in the histograms are related, in contrast to the standard approach that would consider the bins as independent features. Experiments are conducted using the updated random forest algorithm, and they clearly show that the modified version is indeed beneficial when compared to the standard random forest algorithm. The performance of the resulting prediction model for the NOx sensor is promising and may be adopted for the benefit of operators of heavy trucks.

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Platform to develop exhaust gas sensors manufactured by glass-solder-supported joining of sintered yttria-stabilized zirconia

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Electro-thermo-mechanical modelling of automotive exhaust sensors

Electro-thermo-mechanical modelling of automotive exhaust sensors

Systematic variation of design aspects for a significant increase in thermal fracture resistance of alumina microthrusters

Predicting NOx sensor failure in heavy duty trucks using histogram-based random forests

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