Platelet-rich plasma products in traumatology and orthopaedics: classification issues (literature review)

Abstract

In recent years, biological growth factors contained in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained from the whole blood have been actively used to regenerate tissues of the musculoskeletal system. There are a lot of methods for preparing PRP, devices and modes for obtaining it, including ready-made services for use in traumatology and orthopedics. A number of well-known protocols miss important points and features of handling biological material, and fail to give clear characteristics of the resulting product. At the same time, there are a number of products that are completely opposite in composition, method, place of application and time of application, which the authors denote as PRP.
 In the domestic and foreign literature, several attempts have been made to characterize and classify the types of products containing plasma with platelets as a basis. In this article, we describe the existing systems used to classify PRP drugs, highlight their advantages and disadvantages. Of course, due to the active use of PRP in various fields of medicine, there remains a need for the standardized universal nomenclature for describing biological therapies, as well as for a comprehensive and reproducible classification system for products obtained from autologous blood.