Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Alendronate Reduces Pain and Inflammation in Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats by Inhibiting the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Purpose. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the common degenerative diseases of the joint in the world. This study was designed to explore the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with alendronate (ALN) on OA. Methods. We induced OA model by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) method in rats and treating chondrocytes by IL-1β in vitro. PRP and/or ALN were used to treat induced rats and chondrocytes. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Safranin O staining were used to observe the structures of cartilage. The mRNA expression of Collagen II, MMP-13, and inflammatory factors (IL-18, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in the cartilage and chondrocytes of rats was determined by qRT-PCR. The expression of NF-κB pathway-related proteins (p-p65, p65, IκBα, and p-IκBα) in the cartilage and chondrocytes of rats was determined by Western blot. The proliferation of chondrocytes was detected by MTT assay. Results. Treatment with PRP, ALN, or PRP combined with ALN decreased the degree of cartilage destruction, the mRNA expression of MMP-13 and inflammatory factors (IL-18, IL-1β, and TNF-α), and the protein expression of p-IκBα/IκBα and p-p65/p65, increased Collagen II expression, and the threshold of tender and thermal pain in OA rats. Meanwhile, ALN, PRP, or ALN combined with PRP reversed the inhibiting effect of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, an NF-κB agonist) on cell proliferation and cartilage matrix metabolism. Among them, the effects of ALN combined with PRP were most obvious. Conclusion. PRP combined with ALN delayed OA progression by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Clinical Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…This result may be due to the biological properties of PRP. 7 , 41 , 42 In the present study, the long-term benefits of PRP injected into BPTB harvest sites to reduce knee pain were lacking (9-24 months postoperatively). Patellar defect might be the source of postoperative kneeling pain in ACLR, and PRP injections to the harvest sites were not effective in providing any long-term relief against kneeling pain.…”

Attenuation of osteoarthritis progression through intra-articular injection of a combination of synovial membrane-derived MSCs (SMMSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and conditioned medium (secretome)

“…Furthermore, Moussa et al (2017) studied the effect of PRP on osteoarthritic chondrocytes resulting in augmentation of chondrocytes proliferation, collagen, and aggrecan while reduction in MMP-3[ 41 ]. Meanwhile, Collagen II expression increment, cartilage surface loss and alleviation in the articular cartilage devastation were reported in those rats osteoarthritis which treated with PRP [ 42 ]. Also in accordance with the current results, smooth articular surface and normal joint space in radiography evaluation , articular cartilage hyper cellularity and returning of the articular cartilage to normal thickness based on H&E staining and also moderate matrix staining according to Safranin O stain were observed in rats with induced-OA treating using PRP comprising diverse types of storage molecules for tissue healing and simplifying tissue regeneration [ 43 ].…”

Disease-Modifying Potential of Metformin and Alendronate in an Experimental Mouse Model of Osteoarthritis

“…However, Barnett et al showed that treatment with metformin had no significant effect on OA progression [34]. Alendronate has been suggested as a prospective candidate for the treatment of OA patients, since platelet-rich plasma combined with alendronate delay OA progression by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway [35]. Evaluating the disease-modifying potential of metformin, alendronate, and their combination in an experimental model of OA, we will define the place of these drugs in the combined therapeutic strategy for OA patients.…”