Platelet activating factor (PAF) and activity of its biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes in blood and leukocytes of male patients with newly diagnosed heart failure

Detopoulou, Paraskevi; Nomikos, Tzortzis; Fragopoulou, Elisabeth; Antonopoulou, Smaragdi; Kotroyiannis, Iason; Vassiliadou, Carmen; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Chrysοhoou, Christina; Pitsavos, Christos; Stefanadis, Christodoulos

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.09.113

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These results are paralleled with both the formation of early atherosclerosis lesions and the increased aggregatory response of platelets toward PAF; expressed as reduced EC 50 that had been previously observed in group, which was not administered with fish polar lipids [8]. These observations are in accordance with the fact that, on one hand, elevated PAF levels can trigger platelet stimulation and local inflammatory response onto endothelium [2,4,17], while, on the other hand, PAF-CPT activity in leukocytes is positively correlated with increased inflammation [18]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Fish polar lipids retard atherosclerosis in rabbits by down-regulating PAF biosynthesis and up-regulating PAF catabolism

et al. 2011

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BackgroundPlatelet activating factor (PAF) has been proposed as a key factor and initial trigger in atherosclerosis. Recently, a modulation of PAF metabolism by bioactive food constituents has been suggested. In this study we investigated the effect of fish polar lipid consumption on PAF metabolism.ResultsThe specific activities of four PAF metabolic enzymes; in leukocytes, platelets and plasma, and PAF concentration; either in blood cells or plasma were determined. Samples were acquired at the beginning and at the end of a previously conducted study in male New Zealand white rabbits that were fed for 45 days with atherogenic diet supplemented (group-B, n = 6) or not (group-A, n = 6) with gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) polar lipids.The specific activity of PAF-Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH); a catabolic enzyme of PAF, was decreased in rabbits' platelets of both A and B groups and in rabbits' leukocytes of group A (p < 0.05). On the other hand the specific activity of Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2); the catabolic enzyme of PAF in plasma was increased in both A and B groups in both leukocytes and platelets (p < 0.05). PAF-cholinephosphotransferase (PAF-CPT); a biosynthetic enzyme of PAF showed increased specific activity only in rabbits' leukocytes of group A (p < 0.05). Neither of the two groups showed any change in Lyso-PAF-acetyltransferase (Lyso-PAF-AT) specific activity (p > 0.05). Free and bound PAF levels increased in group A while decreased in group B (p < 0.05).ConclusionsGilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) polar lipids modulate PAF metabolism upon atherosclerotic conditions in rabbits leading to lower PAF levels and activity in blood of rabbits with reduced early atherosclerotic lesions compared to control group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Fish polar lipids retard atherosclerosis in rabbits by down-regulating PAF biosynthesis and up-regulating PAF catabolism

et al. 2011

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“…Chen et al [27] evaluated the PAF in nonsmoking patients with periodontits and/or CAD and found different values compared to our study. Also, different PAF values were found in few other studies evaluated patients with periodontal disease [28,29], asthma [30], anaphylaxis [31], heart failure [32] and liver cirrhosis [33]. In all of these studies the PAF values were higher compared to controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This happens because the evaluated variables are measured in different samples (plasma or blood cells). Furthermore, in several pathological situations, such as acute coronary syndrome and unstable angina [9], polycystic ovary syndrome [36], heart failure [32], human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) [37], CAD patients after positive exercise test [38] and hypertension [39], the Lp-PLA 2 activity was increased compared with controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet activating factor levels and metabolism in tangier disease: a case study

et al. 2012

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Background Tangier disease (TD) is a phenotypic expression of rare familial syndrome with mutations in the ABCA1 transporter. The risk of coronary artery disease in patients with TD is variable. On the other hand the pivotal role of Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) mediator in atheromatosis was found. Plasma lipoproteins are transporters of the PAF acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) in cells and known as lipoprotein-phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA 2 ) in plasma and regulators of PAF levels in blood. In addition, PAF can be biosynthesized from the remodeling and the de novo pathways in which Lyso-platelet activating factor-acetyltransferase (Lyso-PAF-AT) and platelet activating factor-cholinephosphotransferase (PAF-CPT) are the regulatory enzymes. The aim of this study is to investigate in a TD patient with a unique mutation (C2033A), the concentration of PAF in blood, the Equivalent Concentration for 50% aggregation (EC 50 ) values of platelet rich plasma (PRP) toward PAF, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin, and the activities of PAF metabolic enzymes Lp-PLA 2 , PAF-AH, Lyso-PAF-AT and PAF-CPT. Methods The EC 50 value of PRP was measured by an aggregometer. The determination of the specific activity of PAF-CPT and Lyso-PAF-AT was made after in vitro enzymatic assay, chromatographic separation and measurement of the produced PAF in a biological assay with washed rabbit platelets. The determination of PAF-AH and Lp-PLA 2 was made after an in vitro enzymatic assay from the decay of radioactive PAF. Results The TD patient had lower bound-PAF values in blood, decreased specific activity of PAF-CPT and Lyso-PAF-AT, increased specific activity of PAF-AH in platelets and leukocytes and Lp-PLA 2 activity in plasma compared to healthy women. The EC 50 of PAF and Thrombin were higher compared to healthy women. Conclusion The increased Lp-PLA 2 activity, as well as, the decreased activities of PAF-CPT and Lyso-PAF-AT, explain the decreased bound-PAF level in TD patient and the EC 50 of PAF. However, total PAF is in a normal range and this probably can explain one of the reasons this TD patient has no CAD.

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“…To evaluate the effect of "acute" consumption on inflammation, wine intake ranged from 150 mL to 500 mL/day in a single dose; to simulate the "regular" intake the period was longer: from 15 days up to 12 months. When reported, total polyphenol content of wine varied from 1.5 to 3.0 g/L [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Among inflammation parameters investigated, C-reactive protein (CRP) was one of the most considered, since it has been identified by several authors as a significant predictor of cardiovascular events [44].…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Wine in Modulating Inflammatory Processes: A Review

et al. 2018

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Several epidemiological studies associated the consumption of wine with the reduction of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and certain cancers, as well as for diabetes. These conditions are characterized by inflammatory mechanisms in addition to other biological mechanisms. Acute and chronic inflammation is mediated by a plethora of biomarkers production and pathway activation. Since the health promoting properties of wine in different pathological conditions may include the reduction of inflammation, the aim of this paper was to collect and review the in vitro, in vivo, and human studies performed to evaluate the effects of wine on different models of inflammation. Although great variability in wine intake, period of consumption, and content of phenolic compounds was observed, data from both human and animal studies showed a positive modulation of inflammatory biomarkers (cytokines, coagulation parameters) and oxidative stress (mainly malondialdehyde) involved in cardiovascular function. In addition, some convincing evidence was obtained in different models suggesting a positive modulation of risk factors for gastric and intestinal inflammation. Contradictory results were obtained for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. To date, no significant paper has been published in the area of immune function. Integrating in vivo data and in vitro studies, the NF-κB pathway has been identified as a critical target for the protective properties of a moderate wine consumption.

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Platelet activating factor (PAF) and activity of its biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes in blood and leukocytes of male patients with newly diagnosed heart failure

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Fish polar lipids retard atherosclerosis in rabbits by down-regulating PAF biosynthesis and up-regulating PAF catabolism

Fish polar lipids retard atherosclerosis in rabbits by down-regulating PAF biosynthesis and up-regulating PAF catabolism

Platelet activating factor levels and metabolism in tangier disease: a case study

The Role of Wine in Modulating Inflammatory Processes: A Review

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