Plastid biogenesis and differentiation

Pyke, Kevin

doi:10.1007/4735_2007_0226

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…We observed different and extensive stages of disordered thylakoids. Grana stacks of thylakoids were only loosely appressed and the lumen was blown up, mainly at both of the chloroplast-defined poles, where we found converging thylakoids in the wild type (Pyke, 2007; Fig. 6A, top panel) but also at the top and bottom parts of the plastids (Fig.…”

Section: Chloroplast Ultrastructure Is Changed In Cotyledons Of Kinasmentioning

confidence: 74%

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The Cytosolic Kinases STY8, STY17, and STY46 Are Involved in Chloroplast Differentiation in Arabidopsis

et al. 2011

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In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), transit peptides for chloroplast-destined preproteins can be phosphorylated by the protein kinases STY8, STY17, and STY46. In this study, we have investigated the in vitro properties of these plant-specific kinases. Characterization of the mechanistic functioning of STY8 led to the identification of an essential threonine in the activation segment, which is phosphorylated by an intramolecular mechanism. STY8 is inhibited by specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors, although it lacked the ability to phosphorylate tyrosine residues in vitro. In vivo analysis of sty8, sty17, and sty46 Arabidopsis knockout/knockdown mutants revealed a distinct function of the three kinases in the greening process and in the efficient differentiation of chloroplasts. Mutant plants displayed not only a delayed accumulation of chlorophyll but also a reduction of nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins and a retarded establishment of photosynthetic capacity during the first 6 h of deetiolation, supporting a role of cytosolic STY kinases in chloroplast differentiation.

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Section: Chloroplast Ultrastructure Is Changed In Cotyledons Of Kinasmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…6A; Supplemental Fig. S5A), chloroplasts in mesophyll cells showed a typically ellipsoidal shape with grana stacks and stroma thylakoids (Pyke, 2007). In 7-d-old cotyledons of mutant plants ( Fig.…”

Section: Chloroplast Ultrastructure Is Changed In Cotyledons Of Kinasmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Cytosolic Kinases STY8, STY17, and STY46 Are Involved in Chloroplast Differentiation in Arabidopsis

et al. 2011

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“…1 The expression of plastid-encoded genes is performed by at least 2 RNA polymerases: 2,3 one is a plastid-encoded polymerase (PEP) and the other is a nuclear-encoded polymerase (NEP). In general, PEP is involved in the expression of photosynthesis-related genes, and PEP-dependent genes are transcribed late in chloroplast development.…”

Section: Arabidopsis Ptac14 Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory role of Arabidopsis pTAC14 in chloroplast development and plastid gene expression

Gao

Chen

Yang

2012

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…Their biogenesis and differentiation are under the control of the nuclear genome and the environment. Plastid development is accompanied by changes in plastid gene expression as well as in plastid morphology and structure (Waters and Pyke, 2005;Pyke, 2007). Plastids of each type harbor multiple copies of the plastid genome (plastome), which contains approximately 120 genes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Analysis of Plastid Gene Expression in Potato Leaf Chloroplasts and Tuber Amyloplasts: Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Control

et al. 2009

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Gene expression in nongreen plastids is largely uncharacterized. To compare gene expression in potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber amyloplasts and leaf chloroplasts, amounts of transcripts of all plastid genes were determined by hybridization to plastome arrays. Except for a few genes, transcript accumulation was much lower in tubers compared with leaves. Transcripts of photosynthesis-related genes showed a greater reduction in tubers compared with leaves than transcripts of genes for the genetic system. Plastid genome copy number in tubers was 2-to 3-fold lower than in leaves and thus cannot account for the observed reduction of transcript accumulation in amyloplasts. Both the plastid-encoded and the nucleus-encoded RNA polymerases were active in potato amyloplasts. Transcription initiation sites were identical in chloroplasts and amyloplasts, although some differences in promoter utilization between the two organelles were evident. For some intron-containing genes, RNA splicing was less efficient in tubers than in leaves. Furthermore, tissue-specific differences in editing of ndh transcripts were detected. Hybridization of the plastome arrays with RNA extracted from polysomes indicated that, in tubers, ribosome association of transcripts was generally low. Nevertheless, some mRNAs, such as the transcript of the fatty acid biosynthesis gene accD, displayed relatively high ribosome association. Selected nuclear genes involved in plastid gene expression were generally significantly less expressed in tubers than in leaves. Hence, compared with leaf chloroplasts, gene expression in tuber amyloplasts is much lower, with control occurring at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and translational levels. Candidate regulatory sequences that potentially can improve plastid (trans)gene expression in amyloplasts have been identified.

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Plastid biogenesis and differentiation

Cited by 43 publications

References 123 publications

The Cytosolic Kinases STY8, STY17, and STY46 Are Involved in Chloroplast Differentiation in Arabidopsis

The Cytosolic Kinases STY8, STY17, and STY46 Are Involved in Chloroplast Differentiation in Arabidopsis

Regulatory role of Arabidopsis pTAC14 in chloroplast development and plastid gene expression

Genome-Wide Analysis of Plastid Gene Expression in Potato Leaf Chloroplasts and Tuber Amyloplasts: Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Control

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