Plasticity Mechanisms of Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation in the Perirhinal Cortex

Miranda, Magdalena; Bekinschtein, Pedro

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.06.002

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…It is supported by networks of interdependent brain regions involving the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex 26,48,78 which are selectively activated depending on the type and features being recognized. Recognition memory of single items needs the integrity of the PRh while recognition of an object and its spatial location requires also the HP and medial prefrontal cortex functions 27,[79][80][81][82] . We found that the aRSC functional integrity is required during recognition LTM consolidation in all variants of the task we used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anterior retrosplenial cortex is required for long-term object recognition memory

Landeta

Pereyra

Medina

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is implicated on navigation and contextual memory. Lesions studies showed that the RSC shares functional similarities with the hippocampus (HP). Here we evaluated the role of the anterior RSc (aRSc) in the "what" and "where" components of recognition memory and contrasted it with that of the dorsal HP (dHP). Our behavioral and molecular findings show functional differences between the aRSC and the dHP in recognition memory. The inactivation of the aRSC, but not the dHP, impairs the consolidation and expression of the "what" memory component. In addition, object recognition task is accompanied by c-Fos levels increase in the aRSC. Interestingly, we found that the aRSC is recruited to process the "what" memory component only if it is active during acquisition. In contrast, both the aRSC and dHP are required for encoding the "where" component, which correlates with c-Fos levels increase. Our findings introduce a novel role of the aRSC in recognition memory, processing not only the "where", but also the "what" memory component. open Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:4002 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60937-zwww.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ functions of the aRSC from those of the dHP, given that the last one is only required for the "where" component of recognition memory. ResultsaRSC, but not dHP, is required for the "what" memory component processing. To make a comparative study about the participation of aRSC and dHP in the "what" component of the recognition memory, we decided to study object recognition memory in the non-spatial Y-maze (Y-OR) task 28 . Due to the high walls, small corridors and the lack of explicit clues in the Y-maze, the Y-OR task has minimal spatial information and therefore a negligible "where" component. First, we validated the Y-OR task by transient inactivation of the PRh, confirming its requirement for object recognition memory ( Supplementary Fig. S1; p = 0.0031, t = 3.774, df = 11; Muscimol vs. Vehicle, Student's t test, n = 5-7). Then, we analyzed the participation of the aRSC and dHP in the formation of Y-OR long-term memory (LTM) by infusing the GABA A receptor agonist muscimol (0.1 μg/μl) or vehicle (saline) into the aRSC or the dHP immediately after the sample phase (training session), and we evaluated memory expression 24 h later during the choice phase (Fig. 1a). We found memory impairment associated to the Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:4002 | https://doi.empty maze during 15 min for 2 days. Exposition time during sample and choice phases were the same as the Y-OR, with the difference that in this task the objects were located facing each other in the middle of the maze ( Supplementary Fig. S6B). Object Location. OL task was performed in the same apparatus that the SOR. This task was adapted fromEnnaceur and collaborators 37 . The habituation session consisted in letting the rat explore the empty apparatus during 20 min for 3 days. During the sample phase two identical objects were presented to the rat, each on...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integration of these components creates a unique memory. In addition, the RSC is connected with the perirhinal cortex (PRh) 16 , the prime structure involved in object recognition memory [25][26][27] . Despite the potential role of the RSC in recognition memory, its precise involvement in the "what" memory component encoding remains unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anterior retrosplenial cortex is required for long-term object recognition memory

Landeta

Pereyra

Medina

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The activation of the PRC was also related to subsequent item memory of the "same" and "similar" (vs "different") objects. The PRC could thus be regarded as a region implicated in pattern separation (Burke et al, 2010;Yassa and Stark, 2011;Leal and Yassa, 2018;Miranda and Bekinschtein, 2018) of two similar objects when they are simultaneously presented. Pattern separation refers to the ability to discriminate among similar experiences, thus they are stored in a distinct, nonoverlapping representations .…”

Section: Prc and Phc In Discriminative Learning And Predicting Subseqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation of the Perirhinal Cortex and Hippocampus During Discriminative Learning of Similar Objects

Chen

Yang

2019

J. Neurosci.

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Discriminative learning is a paradigm that has been used in animal studies, in which memory of a stimulus is enhanced when it is presented with a similar stimulus rather than with a different one. Human studies have shown that through discriminative learning of similar objects, both item memory and contextual memories are enhanced. However, the underlying neural mechanisms for it are unclear. The hippocampus and perirhinal cortex (PRC) are two possible regions involved in discriminating similar stimuli and forming distinctive memory representations. In this study, 28 participants (15 males) were scanned using high-resolution fMRI when a picture (e.g., a dog) was paired with the same picture, with a similar picture of the same concept (e.g., another dog), or with a picture of a different concept (e.g., a cat). Then, after intervals of 20 min and 1 week, the participants were asked to perform an old/new recognition task, followed by a contextual judgment. The results showed that during encoding, there was stronger activation in the PRC for the "similar" than for the "same" and "different" conditions and it predicted subsequent item memory for the "similar" condition. The hippocampal activation decreased for the "same" versus the "different" condition and the DG/CA3 activation predicted subsequent contextual memory for the "similar" condition. These results suggested that the PRC and hippocampus are functionally dissociated in encoding simultaneously presented objects and predicting subsequent item and contextual memories after discriminative learning.How the brain separates similar input into nonoverlapping representations and forms distinct memory for them is a fundamental question for the neuroscience of memory. By discriminative learning of similar (vs different) objects, both item and contextual memories are enhanced. This study found functional dissociations between perirhinal cortex (PRC) and hippocampus in discriminating pairs of similar and different objects and in predicting subsequent memory of similar objects in their item and contextual aspects. The results provided clear evidence on the neural mechanisms of discriminative learning and highlighted the importance of the PRC and hippocampus in processing different types of object information when the objects were simultaneously presented.

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“…SI and SII are considered to sit at similar levels of cortical hierarchy and both project to PV and PR (Krubitzer et al, 1986). PR cortex projects to entorhinal cortex and hence somatosensory information can reach the hippocampus by this route (Miranda and Bekinschtein, 2017).…”

Section: Corticocortical Projections: Dorsal and Ventral Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing the Cortical Column in the Barrel Cortex

Fox

2018

Neuroscience

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The question of what function is served by the cortical column has occupied neuroscientists since its original description some 60years ago. The answer seems tractable in the somatosensory cortex when considering the inputs to the cortical column and the early stages of information processing, but quickly breaks down once the multiplicity of output streams and their sub-circuits are brought into consideration. This article describes the early stages of information processing in the barrel cortex, through generation of the center and surround receptive field components of neurons that subserve integration of multi whisker information, before going on to consider the diversity of properties exhibited by the layer 5 output neurons. The layer 5 regular spiking (RS) neurons differ from intrinsic bursting (IB) neurons in having different input connections, plasticity mechanisms and corticofugal projections. In particular, layer 5 RS cells employ noise reduction and homeostatic plasticity mechanism to preserve and even increase information transfer, while IB cells use more conventional Hebbian mechanisms to achieve a similar outcome. It is proposed that the rodent analog of the dorsal and ventral streams, a division reasonably well established in primate cortex, might provide a further level of organization for RS cell function and hence sub-circuit specialization.

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Plasticity Mechanisms of Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation in the Perirhinal Cortex

Cited by 26 publications

References 203 publications

Anterior retrosplenial cortex is required for long-term object recognition memory

Anterior retrosplenial cortex is required for long-term object recognition memory

Dissociation of the Perirhinal Cortex and Hippocampus During Discriminative Learning of Similar Objects

Deconstructing the Cortical Column in the Barrel Cortex

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