Plastic Infusion and Casting of the Avian Air Sacs

Taylor, R. O.; Boone, M. A.; Barnett, B. D.

doi:10.3382/ps.0411940

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Generally, air sacs are examined as; saccus cervicalis, saccus clavicularis, saccus thoracicus cranialis, saccus thoracicus caudalis and saccus abdominalis [2,6,11,18,20]. Saccus cervicalis in Denizli rooster is dorsally located on the left and right portions of the vertebrae cervicales et thoracicae with a pronounced communication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gross Morphological Features of the Lung and Air Sac in the Japanese Quail

Çevik-Demirkan¹,

Kürtül

Haziroğlu

2006

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. This study was conducted to reveal the morphological characteristics of the lung and air sacs in Coturnix coturnix japonica (Japanese quails). Ten quails were allocated into two groups. Tracheas of 5 quails with neoprene latex and 5 quails with methylmetacrylate were injected to fill the trachea and air sacs. Latex embalmed animals were stored in 10% formaldehyde solution for two months. Animals given methylmetacrylate were maserated in 30% potassium hydroxide at 40°C for two days. Lungs were located in the dorsal part of the thorax and very close to the thoracic vertebrae and ribs. Shorter than the dorsal border, the ventral border lied between the 3rd and 6th ribs. Cervical, clavicular, cranial thoracic, caudal thoracic and abdominal sacs were identified. These sacs had connection with the 3rd, 4th and 5th lateroventral and 4th mediolateral bronchi. Saccus cervicalis was located on the left and right portions of the vertebrae cervicales et thoraricae with a pronounced communication ventromedially. However, the cervical sac aeration of only all cervical vertebrae was present in this study. Humerus was a non-aerated bone. Pneumatic foramen was absent and did not aerate the sternum. Cranial thoracic sac connected to the 1st, 2nd and 4th medioventral bronchi and gave no diverticulum for aeration. Cranial thoracic sac received air through the 4th medioventral and the 1st and 2nd lateroventral bronchi. Left and right abdominal air sacs paramedially produced diverticulum femorale, but this diverticulum did not enter the femur.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphology of the lungs and air sacs in different avian species has fairly been studied, and their features have been well documented [1,11,14,18,20]. However, research on this issue in Japanese quail, on the other hand, is thought to be limited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross Morphological Features of the Lung and Air Sac in the Japanese Quail

Çevik-Demirkan¹,

Kürtül

Haziroğlu

2006

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…These materials were kept in cold for two months. Later, the tissues were kept in 40 º C, 5 % sodium hydroxide (16) and concentrated hydrochloric acide (1,19) for maseration. At the end, the materials were cleaned by washing and findings were taken.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross anatomy of the respiratory system in goose (Anser anser domesticus): Bronchi and sacci pneumatici

Burcu;HAZIROĞLU¹

2009

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:In the study, the macroanatomy of the bronchi and sacci pneumatici were examined in details in 7 domestic mature geese (Anser anser domesticus) with 4500-5000 g live weight. The left and right bronchus primarius seperated from trachea branched into four groups of bronchi secundarii that depart from the bronchus primarius called as bronchi mediodorsales (bmd), bronchi medioventrales (bmv), bronchi lateroventrales (blv), and bronchi laterodorsales (bld). The number of bmd, bmv, blv and bld were 4, 10, 10 and 25-30, respectively. It was seen that some of these bronchi were connected with pulmo and some of them were connected with sacci pneumatici. Totally seven sacci pneumatici were found in goose. Saccus thoracicus cranialis, saccus thoracicus caudalis and saccus abdominalis were in pair, however saccus cervicoclavicularis was single. It was determined that the saccus thoracicus cranialis and saccus thoracicus caudalis contained no diverticula and did not aerate any bones. It is first time that branching of the bronchi secundarii and relationship between branches of bronchi secundarii and sacci pneumatici in goose have been observed in the study.Key words: Anatomy, bronchi, goose, sacci pneumatici. Kaz (Anser anser domesticus) solunum sisteminin makroanatomisi: Bronşlar ve hava keseleriÖzet: Toplam 7 adet 4500-5000 g canlı ağırlığında ergin kaz (Anser anser domesticus)'ın kullanıldığı bu çalışmada bronchi ve hava keseleri makroanatomik olarak incelendi. Trachea'dan ayrılan sağ ve sol bronchus primarius'un akciğer dokusunda ilerlerken 4 adet bronchi mediodorsales (bmd), 10 adet bronchi medioventrales (bmv), 10 adet bronchi lateroventrales (blv) ve 25-30 adet bronchi laterodorsales (bld) olmak üzere dört grup bronchi secundarii verdiği saptandı. Bu bronchus'ların bir kısmının akciğerler, bir kısmının da hava keseleri ile bağlantılı olduğu tespit edildi. Kazda üç çift ve bir tek olmak üzere toplam yedi adet hava kesesinin varlığı belirlendi. Bunlardan çift olanların saccus thoracicus cranialis, saccus thoracicus caudalis ve saccus abdominalis olduğu, tek olanın ise saccus cervicoclavicularis olduğu saptandı. Hava keselerinden saccus thoracicus cranialis ve saccus thoracicus caudalis'in diverticulum içermediği ve hiçbir kemiği havalandırmadığı görüldü. Yapılan çalışmayla kazda ilk kez sekonder bronchus'ların dallanmaları, hava keseleri ve bunların birbirleriyle olan bağlantıları detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir.

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“…Önemli fonksiyonlarından biri de kanatlı akciğerinin total kapasitesinin azlığını kompanze etmektir (15,16). Kanatlılarda; saccus cervicalis, saccus C1avictılaris, saccus thoracicus cranialis, saccus thoracicus caudalis ve saccus abdominalis olarak adlandırılan hava keseleri bulunur (4,5,7,12,15,16,19). Hava keseleri divertiküller yap'ar iç organ ve kasıarın arasına girer, ayrıca bazı kemikleri de havalandım.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified