Plasmonic 2D Materials: Overview, Advancements, Future Prospects and Functional Applications

Abstract

Plasmonics is a technologically advanced term in condensed matter physics that describes surface plasmon resonance where surface plasmons are collective electron oscillations confined at the dielectric-metal interface and these collective excitations exhibit profound plasmonic properties in conjunction with light interaction. Surface plasmons are based on nanomaterials and their structures; therefore, semiconductors, metals, and two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials exhibit distinct plasmonic effects due to unique confinements. Recent technical breakthroughs in characterization and material manufacturing of two-dimensional ultra-thin materials have piqued the interest of the materials industry because of their extraordinary plasmonic enhanced characteristics. The 2D plasmonic materials have great potential for photonic and optoelectronic device applications owing to their ultra-thin and strong light-emission characteristics, such as; photovoltaics, transparent electrodes, and photodetectors. Also, the light-driven reactions of 2D plasmonic materials are environmentally benign and climate-friendly for future energy generations which makes them extremely appealing for energy applications. This chapter is aimed to cover recent advances in plasmonic 2D materials (graphene, graphene oxides, hexagonal boron nitride, pnictogens, MXenes, metal oxides, and non-metals) as well as their potential for applied applications, and is divided into several sections to elaborate recent theoretical and experimental developments along with potential in photonics and energy storage industries.

Surface engineered nanohybrids in plasmonic photothermal therapy for cancer: Regulatory and translational challenges

“…However, many of these metals fail to achieve the desired photothermal conversion efficiency due to poor tuneability, radiative loss, and high energy dissipation. As cutting-edge research to overcome such conditions, two-dimensional (2D) materials are progressing with quantum internment effects 23 . Some advanced 2D materials are graphene, graphene oxides, metal oxides, non-metals, MXenes, hexagonal boron nitride, and pnictogens.…”

Nanostructures/Graphene/Silicon Junction‐Based High‐Performance Photodetection Systems: Progress, Challenges, and Future Trends

“…A number of issues need to be resolved in order to prepare highefficiency 2D integrated circuits, including low-temperature vdW heterostructure synthesis techniques, a reliable charge transfer system, persistent dielectric 2D material layer deposition, and reliable metal connections. [200][201][202][203][204][205] Currently, it is neither scientifically nor economically possible to synthesize 2D materials separately. As a result, the best-case scenario for commercializing van der Walls heterostructure devices is to produce these materials using current Si fabrication techniques.…”

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“…[ 62,63 ] 2D materials such as graphene are also very attractive plasmonic materials because of their ultrahigh carrier mobility and they can have electrically tunable features in terahertz and mid‐infrared regions of the spectrum. [ 64 ]…”