Plasmon-induced transparency in terahertz metamaterials

Abstract

The quantum phenomena of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or plasmonic analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (PIT) can be mimicked in the classical resonators, leading to a unique way to explore the coherent coupling mechanism in metamaterial systems. Various metamaterial structures have been proposed to excite and manipulate the PIT effect with flexibility and performance with geometry-controllable, polarization-independent, broadband-transparency and active-modulated characteristics. These in turn promise the fascinating functionalities and applications of the PIT effects, such as slow-light components, nonlinear devices and high-sensitivity sensors. Here, we present a review on the progress in developing the PIT effect in terahertz metamaterials over the past few years.

Tailoring the slow light behavior in terahertz metasurfaces

“…Superlens [4,5], hybridization [6][7][8][9], Fano-coupling [10][11][12] and the classical analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [13][14][15][16][17] have been studied and demonstrated using the near field coupling within the metamaterials. Recently, there have been a enormous interest in the nearfield coupling in terahertz metamaterials, which show EIT like transmission [18][19][20] and ultra high Q Fano resonances [21,22], which find significant applications in the terahertz sensing [23,24] and broadband communication technologies [25].Electromagnetically induced transparency is a quantum interference effect, which was first observed [26] in a three level atomic system, owing to the destructive interference between the possible excitation pathways. Later its analogue was extended to the classical systems[27], * ranjans@ntu.edu.sg since then EIT effects have been observed in various classical systems, including metamaterials [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], photonic crystals [28], micro ring resonators [29,30] and all dielectric metasurfaces [31].…”

“…Superlens [4,5], hybridization [6][7][8][9], Fano-coupling [10][11][12] and the classical analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [13][14][15][16][17] have been studied and demonstrated using the near field coupling within the metamaterials. Recently, there have been a enormous interest in the nearfield coupling in terahertz metamaterials, which show EIT like transmission [18][19][20] and ultra high Q Fano resonances [21,22], which find significant applications in the terahertz sensing [23,24] and broadband communication technologies [25].…”

Resonance phenomena in electromagnetic metamaterials for the terahertz domain: a review

“…The conditions to produce and observe EIT effect, however, included cryogenic ambient temperatures, cumbersome instrumentation or high power yet stable lasers, therefore severely limiting its practical applications [76]. At this point, metamaterial-based EIT is slowly attracting attention as an alternative that could overcome the above limitations [77].…”

Plasmon-induced transparency effect for ultracompact on-chip devices

“…For practical utilization in an optical signal processing regime, polarization-independent properties are necessary as the polarization of the signal could be changed when propagating, whereas most of the PIT structures mentioned above are sensitive to the polarization of the incident light. Therefore, once the polarization of the illumination light is altered, the bright resonant mode may not be strong enough to excite the dark mode, and the PIT phenomenon may be weakened or not be formed [53]. To overcome this limitation, Zhang et al proposed a PIT nanostructure in which a cross bar resonator and four identical SRRs with different gap positions were chosen to provide bright and dark modes, respectively [54].…”