Plasmids Carried by Antibiotic-Resistant Marine Bacteria

Sizemore, Ronald K.; Colwell, Rita R.

doi:10.1128/aac.12.3.373

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, Tiainen and colleagues [33] found a remarkable difference between northern European and southern European strains. Plasmids were almost exclusively found in the northern European isolates, and since in the study by Larsen and Olsen [13] only Danish isolates were included, this may very well account for the reported difference in ,,t tr _ ) Rt C' £, _" _q (7 plasmid content. The present study included 02 strains from all over the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, much effort has been put into its isolation, identification, characterization, and typing [1]. Although plasmids have been detected among several Vibrio species, including Vibrio vulnificus [2], Vibrio ordalii [3], Vibrio cholerae [4], Vibrio salmonicida [5], Vibriofischeri [6], and various other vibrios [7,8], Vibrio anguillarum is maybe the Vibrio species most extensively studied with respect to plasmids. This has been done for several reasons: from Japan, several authors have shown the involvement of large plasmids, MDa, in resistance to one or more antimicrobial drugs [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmid profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphisms and O-serotypes amongVibrio anguillarumisolates

Pedersen¹,

Tiainen²,

Larsen³

1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYA total of 279 Vibrio anguillarum strains were serotyped and examined for plasmid content. Plasmids were subjected to digestion with restriction enzymes. Most strains belonged to serogroup 01 (39%) and 02 (16%). In total 164 strains (53%) carried plasmids. Of the 01 and 02 isolates, 92 % and 30%, respectively, carried one or more plasmids. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of plasmid DNA indicated that plasmids belonged to several groups. Each group seemed to be restricted to a single 0-serovar. The largest group was the pJM1-like plasmids among most serovar 01 strains. Most of these plasmids were about 67 kb like the pJM1 plasmid, but various derivatives ranged from 26-77 kb. RFLP studies of the 67 kb plasmids revealed 17 different restriction patterns. Some patterns were dominant among European strains whereas others were dominant among North American strains. The results confirmed the applicability of 0-serotyping together with plasmid profile and restriction analysis of plasmids for typing of V. anguillarum. They also indicated that plasmids among strains which belonged to the traditional fish pathogenic serogroups, 01 and 02, showed more homology than did strains from most other serogroups, that were usually non-pathogenic, environmental bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmid profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphisms and O-serotypes amongVibrio anguillarumisolates

Pedersen¹,

Tiainen²,

Larsen³

1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…In earlier studies to determine plasmid incidence, reported frequencies varied from 27%, for more than 400 putative marine Vibrio spp. (Hada & Sizemore, 1981), to 43% of bioluminescent bacteria (Simon et aI., 1982) and 60% of nearshore and open ocean isolates (Sizemore & Colwell, 1977). In a similar study, Glassman & McNicol (1981) reported 46% of estuarine bacteria from Chesapeake Bay carried plasmids.…”

Section: Plasmid Incidence and Distribution In Marine Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Although numerous studies have reported on the incidence of plasmids in bacteria isolated from marine sediments, estuarine, and pelagic ecosystems (Sizemore & Colwell, 1977;Kobori et aI., 1984;Hermansson et aI., 1987;Wortman & Colwell, 1988;Belliveau et al, 1991;Aviles et aI., 1993;Dahlberg et aI., 1997), there remains a general lack of knowledge regarding the diversity (e.g. replicon types) and transfer capabilities of plasmids in indigenous marine bacterial assemblages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmid ecology of marine sediment microbial communities

Sobecky

1999

Molecular Ecology of Aquatic Communities

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9It is well documented that bacteria can readily exchange genetic information under artificial conditions typically used in most laboratory studies as well as to some extent in nature. The three mechanisms by which such genetic exchange can occur are transformation, transduction and conjugation. Transformation is the uptake of free DNA into a cell from the surrounding environment, while bacterial viruses mediate the exchange of genetic material during transduction and conjugation involves the direct transfer of DNA during cell-to-cell contact. In most cases, plasmids mediate the transfer of DNA during conjugation events, although chromosomal transfer can also occur. This review will focus mainly on plasm ids and the role of conjugation in marine sediment microbial communities. Plasmids, although often dispensible, provide a unique plasticity to an individual host cell or to an entire microbial community 'genome'. Specifically, plasmid-encoded traits mobilized throughout microbial communities can provide a means of rapid adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Examples of such adaptation can be seen in the increased frequencies of catabolic plasmids and antibiotic and heavy metal resistance plasmids within microbial populations upon exposure to selective pressures. Presently, the view of plasmid diversity and horizontal transfer dynamics is predominantly based on broad-and narrow-host-range plasmids isolated from bacteria of clinical and animal origins. While the exchange of plasmids is most likely an important mechanism by which bacterial populations in clinical environments can evolve and adapt, there remains a general lack of information regarding the role of plasmid-mediated transfer in marine ecosystems and how indigenous plasmids impact the microbial community structure and function. The combined application of molecular biology and microbial ecology techniques is providing new approaches to address the ecological role of plasmids in marine environments.

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“…However, in response to changing environmental conditions or when attempting to colonize new niches, plasmids can sequester additional novel genes (Szpirer et al, 1999), thereby altering their RFLP pattern yet retaining the basic replicon. Numerous studies have documented bacterial plasmid incidence in microbial communities occurring in marine sediments and estuarine and pelagic ecosystems (Belliveau et al, 1991 ;Hermansson et al, 1987 ;Kobori et al, 1984 ;Reyes et al, 1999 ;Sizemore & Colwell 1977 ;Sobecky et al, 1997). However, few studies have attempted to assess plasmid diversity and distribution in marine environments by molecular typing due to a lack of inc\rep DNA probes derived from plasmids found in marine bacterial populations (Dahlberg et al, 1997 ;Sobecky et al, 1998).…”

Section: Abbreviation : Bhr Broad-host-rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous isolation of replicon probes for assessing plasmid ecology of marine sediment microbial communities The GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rRNA sequences determined in this work are AF249334–AF249338 and AF284226–AF284230.

et al. 2001

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Six functional replication origins (repGA14, repGA33, repGA70, repSD41, repSD164 and repSD172), obtained from endogenously isolated, broad-hostrange (BHR) marine plasmids ranging in size from 5 to 60 kb, were used to determine plasmid occurrence in three coastal marine sediment sites (in California, Georgia and South Carolina, USA). The plasmid-specific replicons were isolated from plasmid-bearing marine sediment bacteria belonging to the α and γ subclasses of the Proteobacteria. The plasmid sources of the endogenous replicons were considered to be cryptic due to a lack of identifiable phenotypic traits. The putative Rep proteins from a number of these replicons showed similarity to replicons of two recognized families : RCR group III (repSD164) and the FIA family of theta group A (repSD41, repSD121, repGA33 and repGA14). Plasmids isolated from marine bacteria belonging to the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella and Vibrio cultivated from geographically different coastal sites exhibited homology to two of the marine plasmid replicons, repSD41 and repGA70, obtained from a Vibrio sp. The repGA33 plasmid origin, obtained from a Shewanella sp. isolated from coastal Georgia, was detected in 7 % of the Georgia marine sediment Shewanella sp. isolates. Microbial community DNA extracted from marine sediments was also screened for the presence of the plasmid replication sequences. Community DNA samples amplified by PCR yielded a positive signal for the repSD172 and repGA14 replication sequences. The replication origin of BHR plasmid RK2 (IncP) was also detected in marine Vibrio sp. and microbial community DNA extracted from the three coastal sites. These findings provide molecular evidence that marine sediment bacteria harbour an untapped population of BHR plasmids.

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Plasmids Carried by Antibiotic-Resistant Marine Bacteria

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Plasmid profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphisms and O-serotypes amongVibrio anguillarumisolates

Plasmid profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphisms and O-serotypes amongVibrio anguillarumisolates

Plasmid ecology of marine sediment microbial communities

Endogenous isolation of replicon probes for assessing plasmid ecology of marine sediment microbial communities The GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rRNA sequences determined in this work are AF249334–AF249338 and AF284226–AF284230.

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