Plasmid profiling of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection patients

Khadgi, Sabin; Timilsina, Uddhav; Shrestha, Basudha

doi:10.3126/ijasbt.v1i1.7918

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…; Similarly, studies in Nigeria revealed that clinical isolates of E. coli which showed multiple drug resistance harbored plasmids with molecular sizes ranging from 2 kb to 6.5 -23 kb to a maximum of 26 kb [24,30]. In Iran, reported plasmid sizes ranged from 1 kb to 33 kb [28], similar to our results and to findings in Nepal where the 23 kb plasmid size was common [31]. We found no significant association between the presence of plasmids and drug resistance, which is in agreement with a study conducted in Nepal [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Drug resistance and plasmid profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Abeba

Dadi

Abebe

Zhang

et al. 2018

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of urinary tract infections. Drug resistant Escherichia coli is results in high levels of treatment failure and can be a significant threat to survival of patients. Methodology: Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated using culture and conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and plasmid profile were performed using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and plasmid analysis. Data was processed with SPSS version 16.0 and Epi-info version 3.4.1 software. Results: The highest proportion of Escherichia coli isolates was resistant to (86.5%) to ampicillin, followed by ceftazidime (84%), ceftriaxone (80.5%), tetracycline (80%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (68.5%) and cefotaxime (66%). Escherichia coli isolates were most susceptible to meropenem (100%), imipenem (100%), amikacin (97.5%), nitrofurantoin (95%), ciprofloxacin (85.5%), norfloxacin (85%), chloramphenicol (83.5%), gentamycin (80%) and nalidixic acid (79%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in most (96.5%) E. coli isolates. Plasmid analysis revealed the presence of plasmid(s) in 165 (82.5%) of the E. coli isolates many of which had a plasmid size of 23 kb. Conclusions: The overall incidence of antibiotic resistance (including MDR) among E. coli in this study was high to commonly used antibiotics, but no drug resistance to meropenem and imipenem was observed. Periodic monitoring of the drug resistance pattern is essential for better management of urinary tract infections, which has direct impact on the outcome of the patient.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Drug resistance and plasmid profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Abeba

Dadi

Abebe

Zhang

et al. 2018

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…The present study observed highest number of strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria showed resistance to third generation cephalosporins, however the most effective antibiotics were polymixin antibiotics especially colistin and polymixin B along with tigecyclin. These findings correlate with other reports where colistin was reported as an effective drug in the treatment of infections caused by MDR bacteria [38][39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Community Acquired Multi-drug Resistant Clinical Strains from Tracheal Aspirates of Patients in Hospital Settings in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Sarkar¹,

Afroz²,

Jubyda³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a multi-sectoral problem which poses a major threat in the treatment of infectious diseases especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria along with extremely drug resistant (XDR) bacteria have emerged as major clinical and therapeutic dilemma in the treatment of tracheal infections in hospitals here. Thus the aim of this study was to document the incidence of MDR and XDR producing β-lactamases in clinical isolates from tracheal aspirates of patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: Two hundred clinical isolates from tracheal aspirates were identified and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles were evaluated by using the VITEK 2 system following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Patient information on diagnosis, sex, age was obtained from hospital data. Results: Of 200 clinical, non-duplicate bacterial isolates obtained, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent pathogens (N=61/200, 30.5%) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (N=58/200, 29%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (N=45/200, 22.5%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (N = 15/200, 7.5%), Escherichia coli (N=10/200, 5%), Staphylococcus aureus (N=4/200, 2%), Proteus spp (N=3/200, 1.5%), Enterobacter spp (N=2/100, 1%), Citrobacter spp (1/200, 0.5%), Providencia spp (N=1/200, 0.5%). Of 20 different antibiotics tested, highest number of isolates (N=172/200, 86%) showed resistance to third generation cephalosporin cefixime, however least number of isolates showed resistance to polymixin antibiotics- colistin (N=25/200, 12.5%) and polymixinB (N=12/200, 6%) . The patients’ ages ranged between 1 month to 95 years with the gender distribution of 133 (66.5%) males and 67 (33.5%) females. The prevalence of infections was highest among the patients of age-group (old adults) ≥60 years (N=123/200, 61.5%). Of 200 clinical isolates, 43 (21.5%) were XDR and 125 (62.5%) were MDR bacteria. Of 200 clinical isolates, the synthesis of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbepenemase were detected in 59 (29.5%) and 98 (49%) strains respectively. Conclusion: Tracheal infections caused by MDR and XDR pathogens among patients are high at hospital settings in Bangladesh. Therefore, there is an urgent need for constant surveillance and interventions in Bangladesh in order to prevent further spreading of those resistant organisms.

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“…It is of particular concern that resistance to β-lactams and fluoroquinolones is frequently driven by plasmid-borne extended spectrum β-lacatmase genes and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in this uropathogen (Tayebi et al, 2016). Various reports suggested acquisition of plasmids of varied size and numbers associated with multiple drug resistant genes among pathogenic E. coli worldwide and nationwide (Sharma et al, 2010;Khadgi et al, 2013) with incidence of a plasmid band at 26 or 21 kb, respectively (Jan et al, 2009; et al, 2013). In this study the number and size of the clinical plasmids varied with predominance of a ∼12 kb band.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasmid DNA was prepared by alkaline lysis method and electophoresed on 0.8% agarose gels and visualized by Gel documentation system (BioRad) (Khadgi et al, 2013). Plasmid bands of varied size (approximate) were detected using molecular weight marker, lambda/HindIII double digest.…”

Section: Plasmid Isolation Bacterial Conjugation and Pcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Bio-Typing of Multidrug Resistance Plasmids From Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated From Clinical Setting

Mukherjee

2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Urinary tract infection is primarily caused by Escherichia coli. Multidrug resistance and their rapid dissemination in this pathogenic microbe complicate therapeutic strategies and threaten public health. Conjugation systems responsible for interbacterial transmission of antibiotic resistance are plasmid-encoded and can be classified as the P, F, and I types. Specific pili types and pili associated proteins were related to the transfer among this gram-negative organism and were thought to depend on contacts created by these structures at the time of DNA transport. In this study, conjugation system types of the plasmids that harbor multidrug resistant genes (aac-1b-cr, oqxAB, qnrB, qnrS, bla TEM , bla OXA) amongst 19 E. coli uropathogenic isolates were characterized under ciprofloxacin/ceftazidime selection individually by pili and pili associated gene types. Investigations indicated incidence of single plasmid of multiple replicon type amongst the transconjugants. bla TEM , bla CTX−M , bla OXA , aac-1b-cr, oqxAB, qnrB, qnrS genes in varied combination were observed to be successfully co-transmitted against ceftazidme/ciprofloxacin selection. Seven primer pair sets were selected that encodes pili and pili associated genes (traF, trwJ, traE, trhE, traG, pilM, pilx4) by nucleotide database search tools using annotated plasmids of different incompatibility types to assign the conjugation system type of the transmissible resistant plasmids by PCR. traF was predominant irrespective of drug selection that indicated F-type conjugation system was responsible for transmission of resistant plasmids which results in the rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the isolates screened. Therefore this is a first report of its kind that investigated pili and pili associated genes to bio-type multidrug resistant plasmids and their transmission in clinical settings amongst uropathogenic E. coli circulated in the eastern part of India.

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Plasmid profiling of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection patients

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Drug resistance and plasmid profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Abeba

Drug resistance and plasmid profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Abeba

Community Acquired Multi-drug Resistant Clinical Strains from Tracheal Aspirates of Patients in Hospital Settings in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Characterization and Bio-Typing of Multidrug Resistance Plasmids From Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated From Clinical Setting

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