Plasmatic profiles of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein and progesterone levels during gestation in Churra and Merino sheep

Ranilla, María José; Sulon, Joseph; Carro, M. D.; Mantecón, Ángel R.; Beckers, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(94)90691-b

Cited by 101 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, the present findings are in agreement with other studies that showed basal levels of PAGs at the fourth week postpartum (RANILLA et al, 1994;RANILLA et al, 1997). As observed in bovine species, PAGs residues from the previous gestation do not present a problem for pregnancy diagnosis in ewes, with respect to the period necessary for postpartum resumption of cyclicity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Our results showed that the ELISA test developed for bovine PAGs detection can be applied (RANILLA et al, 1994;SOUSA et al, 2002;DE SOUSA et al, 2003;KAREN et al, 2003;EL AMIRI et al, 2007). This technique presents high sensitivity and specificity (100% and 99.2%, respectively) in diagnosing pregnancy, as demonstrated at Day 29 of pregnancy (KAREN et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Evaluation of a bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for serological diagnosis of pregnancy in sheep

et al. 2015

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Pregnancy diagnosis is an important tool for farm management. Ultrasonography is the main technique used for pregnancy diagnosis in ewes. As an alternative, radioimmunoassay (RIA) allows accurate and early detection of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) in sheep blood. However, radioactive-based techniques, as RIA, have been increasingly inadvisable due to environmental risk. Homology between ovine and bovine PAGs is high, and ELISA kits used for PAGs detection in cattle are safer than RIA. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of PAGs detection for pregnancy diagnosis in sheep serum samples using an ELISA kit produced for cattle. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA kit were 93.5% and 98.9%, respectively, whereas positive and negative predictive values were 99.0% and 93.1%, respectively, in comparison to ultrasonography diagnostic (control). PAGs reached consistently detectable concentrations in ovine serum around 33 days after mating. Accuracy of the ELISA test was 96.1% from 33 days of pregnancy until lambing. After parturition, PAGs were still detectable seven days post-lambing. However, from 21 days post-parturition, PAGs from the previous pregnancy were no longer detected in serum samples. In conclusion, the bovine ELISA kit can accurately detect pregnancy in sheep 33 days following mating, while PAGs levels from the previous gestation are no longer detected from 21 days post-partum. The evaluated ELISA test is a reliable tool for pregnancy diagnosis in sheep at random stages and as a complementary exam at early gestation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of a bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for serological diagnosis of pregnancy in sheep

et al. 2015

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“…In the control ewes immunized against KLH, the biphasic serum profiles of PAGs were quite similar to those obtained by other laboratories (Ruder et al, 1988;Ranilla et al, 1994). The PAG-immunized animals that failed to develop strong reactivity toward PAGs (the 'low-titer' group) exhibited profiles that were essentially identical to the KLHimmunized animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Autoimmunization of ewes against pregnancy-associated glycoproteins does not interfere with the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy

Egen

Ealy²,

Landon³

et al. 2009

Animal

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Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are a large grouping of placental proteins that belong to the aspartic peptidase gene family. Although useful to detect pregnancy in ruminant species, the function of these molecules is unclear. Several PAGs expressed by trophoblast binucleate cells can enter the maternal circulation, suggesting that they could have a systemic role in altering maternal physiology. The objective of this work was to examine whether these circulating placental antigens were important in pregnancy by actively immunizing ewes against them. PAGs were purified by pepstatin-affinity chromatography and conjugated to the immunogenic protein, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Ewes were immunized with PAG-KLH conjugate (n 5 22) or with KLH alone (n 5 9), and bred to intact rams. Blood samples, collected on Day 0 (day of estrus), Day 10, Days 15 to 25 and weekly throughout pregnancy, were analyzed for PAG by an ELISA. On Day 30, pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasound. Ewes immunized against PAG-KLH produced a range of reactive anti-PAG titers, whereas all immunized ewes had high anti-KLH immunoreactivity. PAGs became detectable in the anti-KLH (control) ewes at Day 21.6 6 2.2 of pregnancy. Those ewes immunized against PAGs (n 5 7), that had very low immunoreactivity toward PAGs, had measurable PAG by Day 22.9 6 1.3, and their PAG serum profiles throughout pregnancy did not differ from the controls. Those exhibiting moderate to high anti-PAG immunoreactivity (n 5 15), had significantly lower PAG concentrations than controls, with antigen not becoming detectable until Day 48.1 6 15.6. The decrease in circulating PAG in the immunized animals did not correlate with changes in pregnancy rates, lamb number or lamb birth weight. These results suggest that while PAGs may play a role in maintaining pregnancy, their major contribution is likely to be at the fetal-maternal interface. Their actions at extra-placental sites are presumably of more secondary importance.

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“…The presence of PAGs can be measured by radioimmunologic (RIA) and immunoenzymatic (ELISA) tests. These PAG tests allow for early pregnancy diagnoses in domestic cattle [69,80,91,[95][96][97][98], sheep [70,[99][100][101][102][103][104] and goats [105,106]. Moreover, heterologous PAG tests were also useful for pregnancy diagnoses in wild ruminants, i.e.…”

Section: Pregnancy Diagnostic Pag Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sheep, the concentration pattern of the PAGs is biphasic [99,102,104], increases (300−400 ng.mL −1 ) during the second month of pregnancy, when chorionic cells have intensively proliferated and the placenta was formed. During mid-pregnancy, the concentration of ovine PAGs is somewhat decreased (< 100 ng.mL −1 ), but increases again towards term, 300 ng.mL −1 in Merino, 600 ng.mL −1 in Churra [102] and over 1000 ng.mL −1 during multiple pregnancies in Berrichone breeds [99].…”

Section: Pregnancy Diagnostic Pag Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of multiple Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (PAG) family: gene cloning and chorionic protein purification in domestic and wild eutherians (Placentalia) – a review

2006

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-This review presents a broad overview of chorionic glycoproteins encoded by the Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (PAG) gene family and also serves to illustrate how the recent discovery of the PAG family has contributed to our general knowledge of genome evolution, placental transcription and placental protein expression. The complex and large PAG family is restricted to the Artiodactyla order, although single PAG-like genes have also been identified in species outside the Artiodactyla. The PAGs are members of the aspartic proteinase (AP) superfamily. Unexpectedly, however, some members of the PAG family possess amino acid substitutions within and around the active site that likely render them unable to act as proteinases. This paper summarises the available information regarding biodiversity of PAG gene expression based on cDNA cloning, mRNA localisation studies and the structural organisation of the PAG genes with a particular emphasis on PAG promoters. It also compares available data regarding PAG protein purifications, sequencing and their N-glycodiversity. Finally, it discusses the scientific relevance, possible functional roles of the PAGs and describes possible profitable applications related to the detection of PAG proteins in the blood of pregnant domestic and wild species. chorionic glycoproteins / eutherian PAG family / diagnostic PAG markers

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Plasmatic profiles of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein and progesterone levels during gestation in Churra and Merino sheep

Cited by 101 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of a bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for serological diagnosis of pregnancy in sheep

Evaluation of a bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for serological diagnosis of pregnancy in sheep

Autoimmunization of ewes against pregnancy-associated glycoproteins does not interfere with the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy

Biodiversity of multiple Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (PAG) family: gene cloning and chorionic protein purification in domestic and wild eutherians (Placentalia) – a review

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