Plasmacytic Pleural Effusion as a Major Presentation of Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report

Li, Borui; Lin, Nong; Zhang, Jianhua; Wang, Wensheng; Wang, Qian; Zhang, Yang; Ren, Shifang; Wang, Mangju

doi:10.3390/curroncol29100603

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…A patient with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia and idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy exhibited elevated IL-6 in his PE, but his blood IL-6 was normal, according to T Mori et al [4] This theory needs to be verified by additional study.…”

Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In cases 2 and 5 a concurrent infection may have been the cause, whereas in case 3, the patient passed away before thorough examination. Only seven of the 80 patients with multiple myeloma who had pleural effusions were having myelomatous effusion, according to research by Ja Min Byun et al [4] Rarely, Hodgkin lymphoma, viral infections, and tuberculosis (TB) can exhibit a little increase in plasma cells in effusion cytology. [5] Only 6% of myeloma patients will experience pleural effusion.…”

Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, patients with plasma cell dyscrasia or infectious disorders like tuberculosis do not frequently experience pleural effusions that are abundant in plasma cells. [4] Rodriguez et al reported the first incidence of (MPE) in 1994. [5,6] Pleural effusion is a rare sign of PCM that typically appears later in the course of the disease and is typically brought on by another disease process.…”

Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms of effusion plasmacytosis have never been studied earlier due to the rarity of plasmacytic effusions. [4] It is most likely related to the elevated cytokines in effusions.…”

Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive Plasmacytosis in Effusions - Not A Rare Occurrence

Naik,

Kulkarni,

Khedkar

2023

Int J Health Sci Res

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Introduction: Effusions with plasma cells are uncommon. In such effusions reactive plasma cells need to be differentiated from malignant ones. In the literature we came across a single case of plasmacytic effusion in the absence of underlying malignancy. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of the ascitic and pleural fluid samples received for routine analysis, from Jan 2021 to Dec 2022 was done. Result: Five cases were incidentally detected to have reactive plasmacytosis in effusions, three in pleural fluid and two in ascitic fluid. Number of plasma cells varied between 2% to 30%. In all these cases thorough clinical details were obtained and relevant investigations were studied. All the cases had ailments related to hepatobiliary system. None of these cases had any features of lymphoma or plasma cell neoplasm. In all the cases plasma cells had a reactive morphology. In one of the cases the reason for reactive plasmacytosis was viral hepatitis, in another case it was suspected to be tuberculosis. In two cases some intercurrent infection could be the cause for reactive plasmacytosis in effusion. However, in one case the patient passed away before proper investigations could be made. Discussion: The mechanism for reactive plasmacytosis is not documented yet. Further studies in this regard are needed as the entity is not rare. In our study the incidence was 0.36% (5 cases out of a total of 1397 cases). Key words: Effusions, plasma cells, reactive

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Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms of effusion plasmacytosis have never been studied earlier due to the rarity of plasmacytic effusions. [4] It is most likely related to the elevated cytokines in effusions.…”

Section: Figure 3 Shows the Results Of Case 1 Sr Protein Electrophore...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reactive Plasmacytosis in Effusions - Not A Rare Occurrence

Naik,

Kulkarni,

Khedkar

2023

Int J Health Sci Res

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Plasmacytosis mimicking multiple myeloma in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: A case report and review of literature

Lin,

Lee,

Chuo

et al. 2024

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a common subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Approximately half of patients with AITL may concurrently present with hypergammaglobulinemia. Increased numbers of plasma cells in the bone marrow are commonly observed at diagnosis. These tumors mimic plasma cell myelomas, hindering a conundrum of clinical diagnoses and potentially delaying appropriate treatment. CASE SUMMARY A 78-year-old woman experienced poor appetite, weight loss of 5 kg, fatigue 2 months before presentation, and shortness of breath 2 d before presentation, but no fever or night sweats. Physical examination revealed splenomegaly and many palpable masses over the bilateral axillary regions, approximately > 2 cm in size, with rubbery consistency and no tenderness. Blood tests revealed anemia and thrombocytopenia, lactate dehydrogenase level of 153 U/L, total protein level of 10.9 g/dL, albumin to globulin ratio of 0.2, and immunoglobulin G level more than the upper limit of 3000 mg/dL. The free kappa and lambda light chain concentrations were 451 and 614 mg/L, respectively. A pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of AITL. The initial treatment was the cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone regimen. Following this treatment, pleural effusion was controlled, and the patient was discharged in a stable condition and followed up in our outpatient department. CONCLUSION This report highlights the importance of differentiating reactive plasmacytosis from plasma cell myeloma in patients with hypergammaglobulinemia. A precise diagnosis of AITL requires a comprehensive evaluation, involving clinical, immunophenotypic, and histological findings conducted by a multidisciplinary team to ensure appropriate treatment.

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Plasmacytic Pleural Effusion as a Major Presentation of Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Reactive Plasmacytosis in Effusions - Not A Rare Occurrence

Reactive Plasmacytosis in Effusions - Not A Rare Occurrence

Plasmacytosis mimicking multiple myeloma in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: A case report and review of literature

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