Plasma volume determination by use of enzyme dilution in the dog

Visser, Marja P.; Krill, Marijke T A; Willems, George M.; Hermens, Wim Th.

doi:10.1258/002367782780891697

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A Swan-Ganz catheter was placed through the right femoral vein into the pulmonary artery for measurement of pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output. Plasma volume was measured using a fluorescein isothiocyanate tagged dextran technique [8] (FITC-dextran, molecular mass 150.000 daltons). Preinfusion plasma volume was measured 12 h prior to the study to allow plasma clearance of the dextran.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intravenous infusion of human prostate tissue substances in dogs

O'Donnell

1990

The Prostate

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Symptoms of postresection syndromes following transurethral prostatectomy have been associated with a transient increase in serum acid phosphatase due to intraoperative absorption of prostate tissue substances. Factors associated with postoperative syndromes include intraoperative absorption of irrigant solution, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative absorption of prostate tissue substance. An animal model was used in this study to determine the isolated physiologic effects of intravenous infusion of a saline prostate tissue extract using an infusion schedule comparable to that of transurethral prostate resection. Twenty-four animals received either normal saline infusion (control) or saline prostate tissue extract infusion (experimental). The experimental group showed a significant decrease in fibrinogen, platelet count, white blood count, activated clotting time, and plasma volume. These results suggest that the isolated effects of intravascular absorption of prostate tissue substances are due to disseminated intravascular coagulation, most likely resulting from tissue thromboplastin and activation of plasminogen.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intravenous infusion of human prostate tissue substances in dogs

O'Donnell

1990

The Prostate

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“…A review of the literature indicates that there is considerable variation in these values, probably relating to the techniques used, the strain and gender of animal, etc. The techniques most frequently cited are radiolabelled erythrocytes, [24][25][26] radiolabelled transferrin, 27 radiolabelled serum albumin, [28][29][30] marker dyes, 31 enzyme dilution, 32,33 fibre optics 34 and dextran-70. 35 Table 3 gives the circulating blood volumes of the species commonly used in safety evaluation studies.…”

Section: Circulating Blood Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A good practice guide to the administration of substances and removal of blood, including routes and volumes

Diehl

Hull

Morton

et al. 2001

J of Applied Toxicology

1,267

707

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This article is the result of an initiative between the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries Associations (EFPIA) and the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM).Its objectives are to provide the researcher in the safety evaluation laboratory with an up-to-date, easyto-use set of data sheets to aid in the study design process whilst at the same time affording maximum welfare considerations to the experimental animals.Although this article is targeted at researchers in the European Pharmaceutical Industry, it is considered that the principles underpinning the data sets and refinement proposals are equally applicable to all those who use these techniques on animals in their research, whether in research institutes, universities or other sectors of industry. The implications of this article may lead to discussion with regulators, such as those responsible for pharmacopoeial testing.There are numerous publications dealing with the administration of test substances and the removal of blood samples, and many laboratories also have their own 'in-house' guidelines that have been developed by custom and practice over many years. Within European Union Directive 86/609EEC 1 we have an obligation to refine experiments to cause the minimum amount of stress. We hope that this article will provide background data useful to those responsible for protocol design and review.This guide is based on peer-reviewed publications whenever possible, but where this is not possible we have used 'in-house' data and the experience of those on the working party (as well as helpful comments submitted by the industry) for a final opinion. The guide also addresses the continuing need to refine the techniques associated with the administration of substances and the withdrawal of blood, and suggests ways of doing so. Data-sharing between laboratories should be encouraged to avoid duplication of animal work, as well as sharing practical skills concerning animal welfare and scientific problems caused by 'overdosing' in some way or another. The recommendations in this guide refer to the 'normal' animal, and special consideration is needed, for instance, during pregnancy and lactation. Interpretation of studies may be confounded when large volumes are administered or excessive sampling employed, particularly if anaesthetics are used. Copyright The objectives of the Technical Sub group of EFPIA/ ECVAM were as follows:(i) to provide a guide on administration volumes for use in common laboratory species used in toxicity studies required by regulatory authorities; (ii) to provide consensus dosage levels for routine use that represent good practice in terms of animal welfare and practicality; (iii) to produce a guide to dosage levels representing the upper limit of common practice, which leaves scope to make the case for special investigations. Some of these suggested maximum values have been obtained from recent literature, 3,4 but appear high when compared with 'good practice' values. The need for careful attention...

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“…Haemolysis and hyperbilirubinaemia can produce falsely elevated CK measurements, but have no discernible effects if moderate (Wilson, 1976;Bush, 1991;Payri6re et al, 1991). Lipaemia has no effect (Heffron et al, 1976;Visser et aL, 1982). CK activity in plasma is stable for 1 week at 4°C and for 1 month at -20°C (Auguste, 1992).…”

Section: Reference Values and Physiological Factors Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creatine kinase in the dog: A review

et al. 1993

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In the dog, creatine kinase (CK) is mostly present in the skeletal muscles, myocardium, brain and intestine. The MM isoenzyme predominates in muscles and myocardium. In plasma, reference values depend on the technique used and CK-MB accounts for about 30-45% of total CK activity. Sex has no influence on plasma CK activity, which is higher in young dogs than in adults. Plasma CK is elevated after physical exercise. After its release from the cells, CK reaches the plasma mostly via the lymphatic route and then remains in the plasma compartment. It is rapidly cleared with a half-life of about 2 hours. Muscle diseases are the main source of plasma CK elevations: inherited myopathies, malignant hyperthermia, hypothyroidism, vitamin E-selenium deficiency, prolonged decubitus, intramuscular injections, surgery, etc. Plasma CK is also increased in experimental myocardial infarction, for which the dog is an interesting model, allowing quantification of the damage by measuring the total CK activity released.

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Plasma volume determination by use of enzyme dilution in the dog

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of intravenous infusion of human prostate tissue substances in dogs

Effects of intravenous infusion of human prostate tissue substances in dogs

A good practice guide to the administration of substances and removal of blood, including routes and volumes

Creatine kinase in the dog: A review

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