Plasma Microbial Cell-Free DNA (CF-DNA) Next-Generation Sequencing in Diagnosing Intracranial Abscesses: Pathophysiology and a Scoping Review of the Literature

Srichawla, Bahadar S

doi:10.7759/cureus.28172

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other mechanisms of autoimmunity include B-cell immortalization, bystander activation, epitope spreading, and thymus dysregulation [ 14 ]. Next-generation sequencing technology has shown to be useful in pathogen recognition and may also have an important role in diagnosing autoimmune conditions [ 15 ]. Possible applications include microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns and HLA gene polymorphisms [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyarteritis Nodosa Following mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Study and Review of Immunological Mechanisms

Srichawla¹

2023

Cureus

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous post-vaccine complications have been reported secondary to the COVID-19 vaccine. Many of these complications are believed to be due to a hyperactive immune system. A 59-year-old woman developed diffuse abdominal pain two days after receiving the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine (Moderna). A computerized tomography (CT) angiogram of the abdomen and pelvis revealed the presence of numerous vascular irregularities in the celiac axis, bilateral renal arteries, and inferior mesenteric artery consistent with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), a medium-vessel vasculitis. The patient was managed with intravenous methylprednisolone 500 mg daily for three days and was then placed on oral methotrexate (MTX) 12.5 mg daily for immunosuppressive maintenance treatment. Until now, a limited number of cases of polyarteritis nodosa secondary to the COVID-19 vaccine have been reported. Major mechanisms of post-vaccine autoimmunity are molecular mimicry and autoantibody production. Although rare adverse events from COVID-19 vaccination are possible, there remains an immense benefit to vaccination in preventing COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyarteritis Nodosa Following mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Study and Review of Immunological Mechanisms

Srichawla¹

2023

Cureus

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Stealth invaders: unraveling the mystery of neurotropic viruses and their elusive presence in cerebrospinal fluid – a comprehensive review

Srichawla¹,

Kipkorir

Manan

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neurotropic viruses are a threat to human populations due to ongoing zoonosis. A wide array of neurological manifestations can occur most often including parkinsonism, encephalitis/encephalopathy, flaccid myelitis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neuroinvasion occurs through: transneural transmission, blood brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, and ‘trojan horse’ mechanism or infected immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (CNS). Transneural transmission occurs through virus mediated hijacking of intracellular transport proteins allowing retrograde viral transport. BBB dysfunction occurs through cytokine storm increasing membrane permissibility. Increased chemokine expression allows leukocyte trafficking to the BBB. Virally infected leukocytes may successfully pass through the BBB allowing the pathogen to infect microglia and other CNS cell types. We define cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) nondetection as a virus’ ability to evade direct CSF detection but still causing significant neurological symptoms and disease. Mechanisms of CSF nondetection include: transneuronal propagation through trans-synaptic transmission, and synaptic microfusion, as well as intrathecal antibody synthesis and virus neutralization. Direct virus detection in CSF is associated with an increased neurological disease burden. However, the lack of CSF detection does not exclude CNS involvement due to possible neuroevasive mechanisms.

show abstract

Plasma Microbial Cell-Free DNA (CF-DNA) Next-Generation Sequencing in Diagnosing Intracranial Abscesses: Pathophysiology and a Scoping Review of the Literature

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Polyarteritis Nodosa Following mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Study and Review of Immunological Mechanisms

Polyarteritis Nodosa Following mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Study and Review of Immunological Mechanisms

Stealth invaders: unraveling the mystery of neurotropic viruses and their elusive presence in cerebrospinal fluid – a comprehensive review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About