Plasma malondialdehyde, biochemical and haematological parameters in standardbred horses during a selected field exercise test

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine changes in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and haematological and biochemical profiles in 10 clinically healthy standardbred horses subjected to a selected field exercise test. Correlations between plasma MDA, the main lipid peroxidation end-product, and muscle enzymes: creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined in serum samples. Venous blood samples for determination of selected blood parameters were collected, immediately post exercise, and 24 and 48 hours post exercise.Significant changes in most of the biochemical and haematological parameters determined immediately after exercise reflect the normal physiological response of horses to a selected field exercise test. Most of these parameters returned to or close to the stall values within 48 hours. The concentration of plasma MDA increased immediately post exercise, though not significantly; however it increased significantly 24 hours post exercise and reached its highest value 48 hours post exercise. Thus exercise-induced oxidative stress is evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation. From the rapid decline of serum CK activity post exercise and the absence of significant correlations between MDA and serum muscle enzymes, we concluded that the selected field exercise test caused no permanent alteration in muscle cell integrity or muscle damage.

Effects of Vitamin E and Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Parameters in Untrained Leisure Horses Subjected to Acute Moderate Exercise

“…It is the most commonly used marker of the level of lipid peroxidation in exercise and sport studies [110]. Several studies have confirmed the increased lipid peroxidation during different forms of physical activity in sport horses [19,21,23,24,27,31,32,34,111]. Similarly, in the present study, plasma MDA concentration increased significantly after physical activity in both the placebo and CoQ 10 supplemented groups, while no significant increase was observed in the vitamin E and CoQ 10 + Vit.…”

“…Physical activities of different intensities have been shown to induce oxidative stress not only in human athletes but also in horses; namely endurance horses [19][20][21][22][23], show jumpers and dressage horses [24,25], pentathlon horses [26], Marremmana racehorses [27], Thoroughbred racehorses [28][29][30], Standardbred trotters [31,32], and horses subjected to various moderate and intense treadmill exercise tests [33][34][35][36]. Lipid peroxidation is the most common consequence of exercise-induced oxidative stress and can lead to the release of muscle enzymes into the systemic circulation.…”

Effects of Competitive ELISA-Positive Results of Piroplasmosis on the Performance of Endurance Horses

“…Exercise greatly increased the CK values in both groups of horses [ 42 ]. This is related to the change in permeability of the cell membrane of musculoskeletal cells due to oxidative peroxidation [ 43 , 44 ]. Therefore, this enzyme is a marker of muscle damage that increases in value after intense/prolonged efforts [ 45 ].…”

Blood Biochemical Variables Found in Lidia Cattle after Intense Exercise

“…Additionally, Sporer et al highlighted the use of metabolites as potential biomarkers of stress following transportation in beef bulls [21]. Physical exercise, especially when it is intense, not only induces oxidative stress but can also modify the animal's physiological metabolism, leading to changes in physiological, hematological, and biochemical variables [8,[35][36][37][38]. The metabolic profiles described for Lidia cattle are similar to those described for other domestic cattle breeds [42], although some serum biochemical variables of this breed differ significantly from other cattle breeds, due to the particular temperament characteristics of this breed [17,20,42].…”

“…Exercise not only induces oxidative stress, but can also modify the physiological animal metabolism, leading to changes in hematological and biochemical variables [8,[35][36][37][38][39][40]. Knowledge of metabolic values is essential to monitor the normal homeostatic functioning of the organism.…”