Plasma Leptin Level in Hyperlipidemic Mares and Their Newborn Foals

Kędzierski, Witold; Kusy, R.; Kowalik, S

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01658.x

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In line with the absence of differences in growth and thyroid hormones, there were also no differences in plasma leptin nor adiponectin concentrations between groups. In agreement with these observations, foals born to hyperleptinemic mares did not have elevated plasma leptin concentration from birth until 4 days of age [ 96 ]. These observations do not exclude a transient elevation of plasma leptin concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Maternal obesity increases insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and osteochondrosis lesions in foals and yearlings until 18 months of age

et al. 2018

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IntroductionObesity is a growing concern in horses. The effects of maternal obesity on maternal metabolism and low-grade inflammation during pregnancy, as well as offspring growth, metabolism, low-grade inflammation, testicular maturation and osteochondrotic lesions until 18 months of age were investigated.Material and methodsTwenty-four mares were used and separated into two groups at insemination according to body condition score (BCS): Normal (N, n = 10, BCS ≤4) and Obese (O, n = 14, BCS ≥4.25). BCS and plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride, urea, non-esterified fatty acid, serum amyloid A (SAA), leptin and adiponectin concentrations were monitored throughout gestation. At 300 days of gestation, a Frequently Sampled Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test (FSIGT) was performed. After parturition, foals’ weight and size were monitored until 18 months of age with plasma SAA, leptin, adiponectin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and cortisol concentrations measured at regular intervals. At 6, 12 and 18 months of age, FSIGT and osteoarticular examinations were performed. Males were gelded at one year and expression of genes involved in testicular maturation analysed by RT-qPCR.ResultsThroughout the experiment, maternal BCS was higher in O versus N mares. During gestation, plasma urea and adiponectin were decreased and SAA and leptin increased in O versus N mares. O mares were also more insulin resistant than N mares with a higher glucose effectiveness. Postnatally, there was no difference in offspring growth between groups. Nevertheless, plasma SAA concentrations were increased in O versus N foals until 6 months, with O foals being consistently more insulin resistant with a higher glucose effectiveness. At 12 months of age, O foals were significantly more affected by osteochondrosis than N foals. All other parameters were not different between groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, maternal obesity altered metabolism and increased low-grade inflammation in both dams and foals. The risk of developing osteochondrosis at 12 months of age was also higher in foals born to obese dams.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Maternal obesity increases insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and osteochondrosis lesions in foals and yearlings until 18 months of age

et al. 2018

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“…Some reports indicate that high plasma leptin concentration exists together with elevated plasma lipids content (Frank et al, 2006;Kędzierski et al, 2011;Pleasant et al, 2013). This is the reason for the analysis of changes in plasma leptin in relation to TG, glycerol and FFA concentrations in this study; however, no important relationship was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Kędzierski

2014

Animal

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Leptin is a tissue-derivative adipokine that regulates appetite, food intake and energy expenditure. It is still not clear how exercise affects plasma leptin concentration in horses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of exercise intensity and duration on plasma leptin levels in working horses. A total of 38 horses were prospectively included in the study and grouped according to the type of exercise they performed: dressage (six stallions, group D), jumping (12 stallions, group J), race (12 Thoroughbred horses, six stallions and six mares, group R) and harness (10 light draft stallions, group H). Blood samples were taken both before and after routine exercise (immediately after the exercise, 30 min and 24 h after). Blood lactic acid (LA) and plasma concentration of leptin, cortisol, uric acid, triacylglycerols, glycerol and free fatty acids were determined. Immediately after exercise, group R had the highest level of LA, whereas groups D and J had the lowest levels. A significant increase in plasma leptin concentration was stated only in group H in samples taken immediately after the end of the exercise period and 30 min after the exercise period, as compared with the values obtained at rest. A significant increase in plasma cortisol concentration was found immediately after the end of the exercise period in groups R and H. Leptin exercise-to-rest ratio was significantly correlated with cortisol exercise-to-rest ratio (r = 0.64; P < 0.001). The increase in plasma leptin concentration in exercised horses was related to the increased plasma cortisol concentration and took place only during long-lasting exercise, which was not intensive.Keywords: cortisol, leptin, horse, exercise ImplicationsLeptin is an adipokine that regulates energetic metabolism, appetite and food intake in mammals. The effect of exercise on plasma leptin concentration in horses is still not clear. The results of the present study indicate that some kinds of exercise increase the plasma leptin level in horses. Better understanding of the regulation of leptin release during exercise could contribute towards improving the performance and state of health of exercising horses; it is thus clear that detailed knowledge of improving the performance of trained horses will have an economic importance. The data presented in this study have never been published elsewhere.

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“…However, as previously reported (Watson et al 1990), within our donkey population TGs were also positively correlated with BCS. It is interesting to note that the correlation between TGs and BCS is not clear in horses (Kedzierski and Kapica 2008;Kedzierski et al 2010). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma leptin concentration in donkeys

Diez

López²,

Pérez³

et al. 2012

Veterinary Quarterly

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Background: Donkeys appear to be more predisposed than large breed horses to suffer from hyperlipemia. The reason for that predisposition is unknown but anorexia is a consistent feature of the disease. Leptin, a protein synthesized in fat tissue, is one of the major inhibitors of appetite in mammals. Objective: We hypothesized that donkeys could have elevated plasma leptin concentrations compared to horses. Animals and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 50 donkeys for measurement of leptin, triglycerides (TGs), glucose, and insulin. Glucose/insulin ratio, modified insulin to glucose ratio, and reciprocal of the square root of insulin were calculated. Based on their body condition score (BCS), donkeys were classified as lean (n ¼ 18), normal (n ¼ 16), or overweight (n ¼ 16). The results were compared with reference values from our laboratory and with a group of horses (n ¼ 25) used as an internal control. Results: Values of both leptin and TGs in donkeys were above the horse reference range and also significantly higher than those of the control horses: leptin (11.2 AE 1.7 versus 5.8 AE 0.5 mg/L, p < 0.05) and TGs (0.93 AE 0.1 versus 0.54 AE 0.1 mmol/L, p < 0.01). Overweight donkeys had leptin (19.3 AE 2.9 mg/L) and TG (1.3 AE 0.2 mmol/L) concentrations that were significantly ( p < 0.01) higher than normal (9.4 AE 3.3 mg/L and 0.85 AE 0.1 mmol/L, respectively) and lean (5.5 AE 1.0 mg/L and 0.66 AE 0.1 mmol/L, respectively) donkeys. A significant positive correlation ( p < 0.01) was found between BCS and leptin (r ¼ 0.43), TGs (r ¼ 0.46), glucose (r ¼ 0.41), and insulin (r ¼ 0.40). Conclusion: Donkeys have higher plasma leptin concentrations than horses and leptin is correlated with BCS.

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Plasma Leptin Level in Hyperlipidemic Mares and Their Newborn Foals

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Maternal obesity increases insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and osteochondrosis lesions in foals and yearlings until 18 months of age

Maternal obesity increases insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and osteochondrosis lesions in foals and yearlings until 18 months of age

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Plasma leptin concentration in donkeys

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