Plasma-induced damage of tungsten coatings on graphite limiters

Fortuna, E.; Rubel, M.; Psoda, M.; Andrzejczuk, Mariusz; Kurzydo̵wski, K.J.; Miśkiewicz, M.; Philipps, V.; Pospieszczyk, A.; Sergienko, G.; Spychalski, Maciej; Zieliński, W.

doi:10.1088/0031-8949/2007/t128/031

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…One perceives a distinct deposition pattern formed on the side surface and the coating damaged by power loads exceeding 20 MW m À2 [13]. The damage to the tungsten layer and material mixing in the W layer has been reported previously [12]. This work is concerned with chemical composition of deposits on graphite side surfaces.…”

Section: Macro-brush Tungsten Limitermentioning

confidence: 77%

“…This contribution and recently published data [12] are the first comprehensive reports on phase analysis of tungsten compounds formed on PFC retrieved from a tokamak. The essential results are related to the identification of: (i) tungsten oxide (WO 2 ) inside the castellation of bulk tungsten limiter; (ii) tungsten carbide (WC) as the main tungsten phase formed on graphite surfaces located in vicinity of W coating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Results of ion beam analysis of PFC [2,8] and laboratory data from experiments with W-C [9,10] and W-Be systems [11] allowed suggestions that different compounds could be formed under tokamak operation. However, direct identification of mixed material phases on PFC has been reported only recently: W 2 C, WC, W 2 B detected with X-ray diffraction (XRD) on plasma-facing surfaces of a vacuum plasma sprayed (VPS) tungsten-coated graphite limiter from TEXTOR [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material mixing on plasma-facing components: Compound formation

Psoda

Rubel

Sergienko

et al. 2009

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tTwo different tungsten limiters (castellated bulk metal block and W-coated graphite), subjected to high power loads in the TEXTOR tokamak, were examined in order to determine chemical composition of deposits inside the castellated grooves and on side surfaces of the coated limiter. Comprehensive analyses carried out by X-ray diffraction, ion beam analysis and other methods revealed: (i) the formation of tungsten oxide (WO 2 ) inside the castellated grooves; (ii) the formation of tungsten carbides (WC main phase and traces of W 2 C) on side surfaces of the coated limiter. Elemental tungsten was found in deposits on side surfaces only in trace quantities thus indicating that tungsten eroded from the limiter top and transported to the scrape-off layer reacted with carbon. Based on thermodynamic data, the pathways leading to the formation of compounds are discussed.

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Section: Macro-brush Tungsten Limitermentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material mixing on plasma-facing components: Compound formation

Psoda

Rubel

Sergienko

et al. 2009

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…In these group the particles with grains rich in boron were also present. The analyses carried out at the particle containing tungsten, boron and carbon prove that the intermetallic phases both carbides and borides are present in the dust particles/deposited layers [5,6]. The tungsten flakes are predominantly fragments of tungsten layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Bgr 10 is the horizontal plane just below the divertor plates, collecting all dust falling down from the outer divertor, which is a net erosion dominated region. Since 2007 ASDEX-Upgrade is a full tungsten machine, nearly all plasma-facing surfaces are covered with tungsten [3][4][5]. The tungsten particles were thus of a special interest in the present study.…”

Section: Outer Morphology and Elemental Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of dust collected after plasma operation of all-tungsten ASDEX Upgrade

et al. 2014

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The work presents results of the characterization of dust collected in ASDEX Upgrade, with the special emphasis on size, morphology, structure and composition of the dust particles. The dust particles were collected after 2009 campaign using the filtered vacuum technique. The structure and composition of the particles were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), focused ion beam (FIB) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with special interest on the tungsten particles.

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Microstructure and thermal property of tungsten coatings prepared by vacuum plasma spraying technology

Niu

Zheng

et al. 2010

Fusion Engineering and Design

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Plasma-induced damage of tungsten coatings on graphite limiters

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Material mixing on plasma-facing components: Compound formation

Material mixing on plasma-facing components: Compound formation

Characterization of dust collected after plasma operation of all-tungsten ASDEX Upgrade

Microstructure and thermal property of tungsten coatings prepared by vacuum plasma spraying technology

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