Plasma gasification of waste as a method of energy saving

Waste Gasification by Thermal Plasma: A Review

“…RF or MW plasmas don't have electrode erosion but have low energy efficiency, about 40 % to 70 % (60 % to 90 % for arc torches) [73]. From this review, it clearly appears that the main plasma torch technology applied to waste gasification is the DC technology which is used in all the studies excepted in [32,85,90] In [66], one can notice that the H 2 and CO yields are strongly linked to the original composition of the waste treated and can vary, with the same experimental conditions, from 49.4 vol% to 64.4 vol% for H 2 and from 24.8 vol% to 36 vol% for CO in function of the nature of the waste. It is important to keep in mind that the H 2 and CO rates in the crude syngas is strongly linked to the oxidizing agent injected and/or the moisture content in the waste treated.…”

Plasma Gasification of Waste Plastics

“…In arc plasmotrons plasma generating agents are such gases as argon, nitrogen, CO 2 , water steam or their mixes [6,9,10,19,21,23]. Other significant factors include also the method of placing plasmotrons, place of material feeding and the place of gas collection [16].…”

“…With the growth of the number of population and industrial development, the amount of waste increases, therefore, a problem of their storage appears. In developed countries annual production of municipal waste per one inhabitant is from 400 to 760 kg [16], and global production of municipal waste is estimated at 1.2-1.6 billion tons [3]. In the increasing stream of waste, the share of plastics which do not decompose in natural environment increases.…”

“…The results of pilot research show that the use of plasma technologies to produce liquid fuels from biomass and municipal waste may be both effective and safe for the environment [7]. The use of thermal processing of waste is supported by the aspects of rational and economic energetic management, which result from the increase of produces waste and increasing demand for energy [16,18]. Worldwide increase of crude oil prices and the shortage of its resources generate interest in alternative systems of obtaining fuels from gasification of coal and alternative sources of energy, such as plastics, biomass, sewage sludge and organic waste [2,11,17,21].…”

Equilibrium analysis of hydrogen production using the steam-plasma gasification process of the used car tires

“…The plasma usage allows controlling the plasma forming gas flow rate in wide range. The use of steam as a plasma forming gas is considered to be the most effective, as that allows obtaining the syngas which almost does not contain minor components (N 2 , CO 2 ) [6][7][8].…”