Plasma evolution in laser-irradiated cylindrical cavities

Cunningham, P. F.; Weber, Rudolf; Lädrach, P.; Balmer, J. E.

doi:10.1016/0030-4018(88)90243-x

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Laser-heated spherical cavities have been used in investigations aimed at establishing thermal equilibrium between material and radiation at temperatures of several million degrees Kelvin (Sigel 1986;Tsakiris et al 1986;Sakabe et al 1988;Tsakiris & Sigel 1988;Sigel et al 1988a). Recently, however, another cavity geometry, namely, the cylindrical, has been the object of research for several experimental groups (Richardson et al 1986;Stockl & Tsakiris 1990;Lin et al 1988a,b;Balmer et al 1990a,b;Cunningham et al 1988;Weber, Cunningham & Balmer 1988). The work described in this paper also deals with cylindrical targets and, more specifically, with internally irradiated capillary tubes made of gold in which the laser energy is injected along the axis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The production of long cylindrical plasmas with specific density and temperature suitable for X-ray lasing action has been the aim of various experimental approaches (Richardson et al 1986;Balmer et al 1990a,b;Cunningham et al 1988;Lin et al 1988a,b). Although the irradiation conditions differ, all the approaches rely on cylindrical targets in the center of which a plasma column is generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Experiments with laser-irradiated cylindrical targets

Stöckl

Tsakiris

1991

Laser Part. Beams

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Results of novel experiments with laser-heated capillary targets are presented. In these experiments the interior of gold capillaries having a 200-or 700-jixm inner diameter and a 2-12-mm length was axially irradiated by injection of the laser energy through one of the end openings. A frequency-doubled Nd:glass laser (X = 0.53 /tin) was employed, delivering 8-J energy in 3 ns. The experiments showed no significant backreflection of laser light. Depending on the capillary diameter and length, most of the laser energy is either transmitted or absorbed inside the capillary. The transmission of laser light was measured as a function of capillary length and found to be in good agreement with the predictions of a simple theoretical model. Two extreme cases could be identified. Capillaries with a 700-/xm diameter show uninhibited laser light propagation due to multireflections off the inner wall. In contrast, at the entrance of capillaries with a 200-/nm inner diameter a plasma plug forms that absorbs most of the laser energy. In both cases significant energy transport was observed to occur in the axial direction. A stable and strongly radiating plasma column is formed along the capillary axis by the collision of the radially imploding plasma. During the collision, part of the hydrodynamic energy of the plasma is converted into radiative energy. In a special case-a lower limit of = 7 % could be inferred for the conversion efficiency from laser light into X-ray radiation emitted from the rear opening of the capillary.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experiments with laser-irradiated cylindrical targets

Stöckl

Tsakiris

1991

Laser Part. Beams

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“…Imaging techniques, spectroscopy, and interferometry techniques have been used to study several different types of converging plasmas with different degrees of collisionality [4][5][6][7][8]. Bosch et al used holographic interferometry at λ=263 nm to obtain electron density maps of hot high density colliding plasmas [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of converging laser-created plasmas in semicylindrical cavities studied using soft x-ray laser interferometry

et al. 2007

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PACS number(s): 52.50. Jm, 42.55.Vc AbstractThe evolution of dense aluminum and carbon plasmas produced by laser irradiation of 500 µm diameter semi-cylindrical targets was studied using soft x-ray laser interferometry. Plasmas created heating the cavity walls with 120 picosecond duration optical laser pulses of ~1×10 12 W cm -2 peak intensity were observed to expand and converge on axis to form a localized high density plasma region. Electron density maps were measured using a 46.9 nm wavelength tabletop capillary discharge soft x-ray laser probe in combination with an amplitude division interferometer based on diffraction gratings. The measurements show that the plasma density on axis exceeds 1×10 20 cm -3 . The electron density profiles are compared with simulations conducted using the hydrodynamic code HYDRA, which show that the abrupt density increase near the axis is dominantly caused by the convergence of plasma generated at the bottom of the groove during laser irradiation.2

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