Plasma Emission Spectrometry

Elemental Analysis of Human Blood Serum by Microwave Plasma—Investigation of the Matrix Effects Caused by Sodium Using Model Solutions

“…The matrix effect of the MIP proved to be higher, and even a small volume of the introduced sample resulted in plasma instability due to its low tolerance for wet aerosols [12]. Hence, microwave-generated excitation sources have not gained wild commercial interest [8,13,14] even though the development of higher-power microwave plasmas proved to be more promising [15][16][17].…”

“…In 2008, Hammer reported and described a plasma source excited by the combination of magnetic and electric fields which approached the operation stability of the inductively coupled plasmas [18]. Based on this invention, the first commercially available microwave-induced instrument was launched to the market in 2011 [14,19,20]. The excitation source is supplied by nitrogen gas produced continuously in a generator.…”

Determination of heavy metal concentrations in plants exposed to different degrees of pollution using ICP-AES

“…There is a need for analytical laboratories to perform rapid, accurate and reproducible analyses of various types of environmental samples [10]. It was reported by some authors that several elements in plant samples had been measured using atomic absorption spectrometry [3,8,9,11].…”

“…It was reported by some authors that several elements in plant samples had been measured using atomic absorption spectrometry [3,8,9,11]. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) is one of the reliable analytical techniques applicable to different environmental samples [12,13] and has already been used for the determination of some metals in plants [10].…”

Homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction followed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry of a microdroplet on filter-paper for the simultaneous determination of small amounts of metals

“…X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry is a non-destructive analytical method having many features, of which one is that the chemical interference from other coexisting elements is extremely low, and also that re-preparation of the standard sample is not necessary for every determination, moreover, the simultaneous determination of many elements is possible. 1,2 However, a high-powered preconcentration method is required for the determination of trace contaminants in samples, because XRF is not highly sensitive. Many preconcentration methods for use with XRF determination of trace metal ions in samples have been reported.…”