Plasma Cholinesterase Activity in Alzheimer's Disease

Hosoi, Misa; Hori, Koji; Konishi, Kimiko; Tani, Masayuki; Tomioka, Haruaki; Kitajima, Yuriko; Akashi, Norihisa; Inamoto, Atsuko; Minami, Sousuke; Izuno, Takuji; Umezawa, Kaori; Horiuchi, K.; Hachisu, Mitsugu

doi:10.1159/000381532

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It has been observed that there are some pathogenetic factors shared by T2DM and AD (Table 2) such as: chronic inflammation [78][79][80], oxidative stress [79,81], adiponectin deficiency [82], different expression of plasma cholinesterase activity [81,83] and vascular damage [78], as described in detail below. 1) Several studies show that in chronic inflammation process, inflammatory cells, such monocytes and macrophages, produce interleukins, including IL-6 and cytokines, including TNF-.…”

Section: Physiopathological Features Common To T2dm and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, when we talk about pChE, we refer to BuChE. AD and T2DM are positively related to pChE [83,[103][104][105]. PChE is also positively correlated to SP deposition [105,106] and it is also concentrated in cerebral regions involved in AD [106].…”

Section: ) Another Important Component In Inflammatory Process Is Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been observed that pChE induces AChE downregulation [103], and this happens especially when pChE is hyperactivated [83]. Since AChE arrests inflammation [107,108], consequently there is an increased inflammation [83].…”

Section: ) Another Important Component In Inflammatory Process Is Rementioning

confidence: 99%

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Focus on the Correlations between Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Fiore

Rosa²,

Falasca

et al. 2019

EMIDDT

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Background: In the last decades, both diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease are constantly increasing. Affected individuals, therefore, represent an enormous problem for the society, governments and global organizations. These diseases are usually considered as independent conditions, but increasing evidence shows that there are links between these two disorders. Methods: In this review, we analyzed common features present in Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes mellitus, showing how these two diseases are strictly correlated to each other. Results: Some pathogenetic factors are shared by Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease: chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, adiponectin deficiency, different expression of plasma cholinesterase activity and vascular damage could represent a possible explanation for the coexistence of these two conditions in many patients. Conclusion: A better understanding of this issue and an appropriate management of diabetes by means of physical activity, low fat diet, and drugs to achieve a good glycemic control, avoiding both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, can represent a way to prevent cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease.

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Section: Physiopathological Features Common To T2dm and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Another Important Component In Inflammatory Process Is Rementioning

confidence: 99%

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Focus on the Correlations between Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Fiore

Rosa²,

Falasca

et al. 2019

EMIDDT

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“…It has been revealed that diabetes and AD share some pathogenetic factors, including chronic inflammation [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], oxidative stress [ 5 , 6 ], adiponectin deficiency [ 7 ], abnormal expression of plasma cholinesterase [ 8 ]. Many studies demonstrated the increased risk of AD in diabetic patients and proposed a link between abnormal insulin signaling and the amyloid cascade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer’s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus in Comparison: The Therapeutic Efficacy of the Vanadium Compound

You

Liu

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an intractable neurodegenerative disease that leads to dementia, primarily in elderly people. The neurotoxicity of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau protein has been demonstrated over the last two decades. In line with these findings, several etiological hypotheses of AD have been proposed, including the amyloid cascade hypothesis, the oxidative stress hypothesis, the inflammatory hypothesis, the cholinergic hypothesis, et al. In the meantime, great efforts had been made in developing effective drugs for AD. However, the clinical efficacy of the drugs that were approved by the US Food and Drug Association (FDA) to date were determined only mild/moderate. We recently adopted a vanadium compound bis(ethylmaltolato)-oxidovanadium (IV) (BEOV), which was originally used for curing diabetes mellitus (DM), to treat AD in a mouse model. It was shown that BEOV effectively reduced the Aβ level, ameliorated the inflammation in brains of the AD mice, and improved the spatial learning and memory activities of the AD mice. These finding encouraged us to further examine the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of BEOV in AD. In this review, we summarized the achievement of vanadium compounds in medical studies and investigated the prospect of BEOV in AD and DM treatment.

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“…Cholinergic system, which plays an important role in the regulation of learning, cognition, and memory processes 12 , has been extensively studied for the design of anti-Alzheimer’s drugs 13 , 14 . Currently, three of the drugs approved for AD treatment target on cholinesterase, including donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, pharmacology and molecular docking on multifunctional tacrine-ferulic acid hybrids as cholinesterase inhibitors against Alzheimer’s disease

Zhu

Yang

Chen

et al. 2018

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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The cholinergic hypothesis has long been a “polar star” in drug discovery for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), resulting in many small molecules and biological drug candidates. Most of the drugs marketed for AD are cholinergic. Herein, we report our efforts in the discovery of cholinesterases inhibitors (ChEIs) as multi-target-directed ligands. A series of tacrine-ferulic acid hybrids have been designed and synthesised. All these compounds showed potent acetyl-(AChE) and butyryl cholinesterase(BuChE) inhibition. Among them, the optimal compound 10g, was the most potent inhibitor against AChE (electrophorus electricus (eeAChE) half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 37.02 nM), it was also a strong inhibitor against BuChE (equine serum (eqBuChE) IC50 = 101.40 nM). Besides, it inhibited amyloid β-protein self-aggregation by 65.49% at 25 μM. In subsequent in vivo scopolamine-induced AD models, compound 10g obviously ameliorated the cognition impairment and showed preliminary safety in hepatotoxicity evaluation. These data suggest compound 10g as a promising multifunctional agent in the drug discovery process against AD.

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Plasma Cholinesterase Activity in Alzheimer's Disease

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Focus on the Correlations between Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Focus on the Correlations between Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Alzheimer’s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus in Comparison: The Therapeutic Efficacy of the Vanadium Compound

Synthesis, pharmacology and molecular docking on multifunctional tacrine-ferulic acid hybrids as cholinesterase inhibitors against Alzheimer’s disease

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