Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide are increased in septic shock: impact of interleukin-6 and sepsis-associated left ventricular dysfunction

Abstract

ANP and BNP increase significantly in patients with septic shock. BNP reflects left ventricular dysfunction. ANP is related to IL-6 production rather than to cardiovascular dysfunction.

Level of adrenomedullin in cases with adrenal defficiency and its relation to mortality in patients with sepsis

“…We found that mortality rate significantly increased when proBNP levels were above 3736 mg/dL. There are many studies in the literature suggesting a direct correlation between proBNP levels and mortality in patients with sepsis (25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Plasma proBNP levels increase with increasing cardiac load and atrial strain; as it would be expected, proBNP levels increase in cases with an increase in the volume load.…”

B‐Type natriuretic peptide and the prediction of outcome in patients admitted to intensive care

“…Indeed, using a threshold of 100 pg.ml )1 for B-type natriuretic peptide (a value previously described as useful in identifying patients with heart failure) [23,24], there was a trend towards lower B-type natriuretic peptide levels in all patients who died within 30 days. A recent retrospective cohort study of 17 septic patients has suggested that B-type natriuretic peptide is raised in patients with septic shock [25] but found no differences in baseline B-type natriuretic peptide levels between survivors and non-survivors (n = 5) at 28 days. The authors suggested that 'an increase in ventricular distension due to an increased end-diastolic volume may result in enhanced ventricular wall stress, a sufficient stimulus for B-type natriuretic peptide' [25].…”

“…A recent retrospective cohort study of 17 septic patients has suggested that B-type natriuretic peptide is raised in patients with septic shock [25] but found no differences in baseline B-type natriuretic peptide levels between survivors and non-survivors (n = 5) at 28 days. The authors suggested that 'an increase in ventricular distension due to an increased end-diastolic volume may result in enhanced ventricular wall stress, a sufficient stimulus for B-type natriuretic peptide' [25]. Patients with sepsis who fail to exhibit left ventricular dilation have a reduced ejection fraction and stroke work indices and have a worse prognosis [2,4,7].…”

Circulating levels of pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide in lower respiratory tract infections

“…Also, after excluding patients with congestive heart failure the results were similar, suggesting that the prognostic accuracy of MR-proANP is not due to the presence of clinically evident congestive heart failure per se. Accordingly, ANP and MR-proANP were recently shown to be helpful in the prognostic assessment of sepsis [3,[34][35][36][37][38]. For optimal preventive measures, it is crucial to assess the risk of patients presenting with lower respiratory tract infections, i.e.…”