Plasma Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone during the Menstrual Cycle in Women

Mauri, A.; Martellotta, M.C.; Melis, Maria Rosaria; Caminiti, F; Serri, Francesco; Fratta, Walter

doi:10.1159/000181797

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…While CRH secretion has been reported to change across the menstrual cycle displaying a CRH 31 or ACTH 45 peak, respectively, around the time of ovulation, the majority of studies did not observe a change of baseline cortisol serum 3,14,[32][33][34]36,38,40,43 , salivary 14,34,38 , and urinary 14,38 levels across the menstrual cycle. These findings support the earlier systematic review from 1994 43 showing no impact of the menstrual cycle on basal serum cortisol [46][47][48][49][50][51] and serum ACTH levels 52 . Some studies also showed no difference for the menstrual cycle on basal urinary 53 and serum 45,54 cortisol levels 55 in women with PMS.…”

Section: Sdnn Index (Ms)supporting

confidence: 90%

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Impact of endogenous and exogenous progesterone exposure on stress biomarkers: a systematic review

2019

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Stress activates the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA). Based on a systematic literature review of the impact of endogenous and exogenous exposure with natural progesterone on the stress response in healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal women, the following conclusions can be drawn: the HPAA activity was not relevantly affected by endogenous progesterone exposure across the menstrual cycle, but might be reduced by exogenous micronized progesterone application; in contrast, the ANS has a sympathetic predominance in the (progesterone-dominated) luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Future studies should assess various stress biomarkers under various hormonal conditions to, for example, allow for cardiovascular risk stratification in hormone users.

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Section: Sdnn Index (Ms)supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Most studies did not observe an impact of endogenous P exposure on baseline 14,[32][33][34]36,38,40,43,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]55 or stimulated 14,30,35,41,43,44,53,56,57 HPAA. However, few studies reported higher baseline 33,37,38 and stimulated 28,36,39 cortisol levels during the follicular phase, or vice versa 3,29,39,45,54 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of endogenous and exogenous progesterone exposure on stress biomarkers: a systematic review

2019

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“…In contrast to the studies of late 1970s, detectable levels of a-MSH plasma have been found in healthy adult volunteers (6,7), and they have been found higher than normal in patients affected by Cushing disease (8). The results of the abovementioned studies were obtained coupling the classical a-MSH RIA to purification procedures, such as extraction and HPLC, and revealed that the des-acetylated form of a-MSH (i.e.…”

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confidence: 95%

Changes in Dopaminergic Control of Circulating Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Related Peptides at Puberty

et al. 1995

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Desacetyl a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) (ACTH 1-13) is the main form of immunoreactive a-MSH circulating in human plasma. This study evaluates the possibility that a dopaminergic inhibitory mechanism could be operative during human development. Thus, a-MSH and ACTH 1-13 plasma levels were measured after dopaminergic blockade (domperidone (0.3 m a g body weight, maximum 10 mg, p.0.) in 13 prepubertal (aged 4.5-12.3 y) and 12 pubertal (aged 10.2-16.9 y) children. Both peptides were measured by RIA after plasma extraction on Sep-pak C-18 cartridges and reverse phase HPLC. The chromatographic profile of a-MSH immunoreactivity falls into two main peaks, corresponding to the retention time of a-MSH and ACTH 1-13. Moreover, in prepubertal children domperidone induced a significant increase of a-MSH from 1.7 (median) to 5.0 pmol/L, whereas no changes in a-MSH plasma levels were found in pubertal subjects (from 5.0 to 4.1 pmol/L). Similarly, ACTH 1-13 plasma levels significantly increased from 3.0 to 19.8 pmol/L in prepubertal children remaining stable in pubertal ones (from 7.8 to 4.6 pmol/L). Moreover, a significant negative correlation was found between basal DHEA-S levels and the plasma a-MSH increase after domperidone. These data demonstrate that: 1 ) ACTH 1-13 is the main form of immunoreactive a-MSH in prepubertal life and 2) the dopaminergic inhibition of both ACTH 1-13 and a-MSH plasma levels is apparent only in prepubertal subjects. (Pediatr Res 38: 91-94, 1995) Abbreviations a-MSH, a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone ACTH 1-13, desacetyl a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone POMC, proopiomelanocortin DHEA-S, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate a-MSH is a peptide deriving from a two steps cleavage of POMC for the formation of which the activity of a-Nacetyltransferase is required (1). In lower mammals, these enzymatic events are absent from the anterior pituitary, whereas they are typical of the neurointermediate lobe, which is well developed in these species (2). In humans, the neurointermediate lobe is virtually absent in adults (3), whereas it has been detected in the fetal pituitary (4) and in a subgroup of patients with Cushing's disease (5).In contrast to the studies of late 1970s, detectable levels of a-MSH plasma have been found in healthy adult volunteers (6, 7), and they have been found higher than normal in patients affected by Cushing disease (8). The results of the abovementioned studies were obtained coupling the classical a-MSH RIA to purification procedures, such as extraction and HPLC, and revealed that the des-acetylated form of a-MSH (i.e. ACTH 1-13 amide) is the main form of plasma immunoreactive a-MSH. This finding also suggests a possible functional activity of neurointermediate lobe in some physiopathologic conditions.We previously demonstrated that, in contrast to ACTH levels, plasma P-endorphin concentrations increased progressively throughout prepuberty, reaching adult levels at the beginning of pubertal development (9). These data were in keeping with the suggested role of POMC-related...

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Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on Dependent Variables in Mood Disorder Research

Leibenluft

Fiero

Rubinow

1994

Arch Gen Psychiatry

116

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The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the effects of the menstrual cycle on dependent variables in mood disorder research to inform investigators which physiological measures are likely to be significantly affected by menstrual cycle fluctuations and precisely how they might be affected. The following variables are discussed: prolactin; growth hormone; the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (including thyrotropin, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine); the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (cortisol, corticotropin, and beta-endorphin); melatonin; sleep; body temperature; and neurotransmitter activity (serotonergic and adrenergic systems). Body temperature and plasma and urinary norepinephrine vary predictably over the menstrual cycle. Prolactin and beta-endorphin may have peaks in the periovulatory phase, whereas serotonin levels in platelet-poor plasma may reach a nadir at that time. Triiodothyronine, thyroxine, cortisol, and melatonin do not appear to vary systematically over the course of the menstrual cycle, whereas the data for growth hormone, thyrotropin, corticotropin, and sleep are inconclusive.

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Plasma Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone during the Menstrual Cycle in Women

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Impact of endogenous and exogenous progesterone exposure on stress biomarkers: a systematic review

Impact of endogenous and exogenous progesterone exposure on stress biomarkers: a systematic review

Changes in Dopaminergic Control of Circulating Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Related Peptides at Puberty

Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on Dependent Variables in Mood Disorder Research

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