Abstract:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. These conditions may lead to the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs).In this study we investigated in 88 COPD patients and 55 control subjects (80% ex-smokers) the association of the plasma protein-bound AGEs N e -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), pentosidine, N e -(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and AGE accumulation in skin by skin autofluorescence (AFR), with lung function.Mean¡SD lysine and ex-… Show more
“…Fewer studies have demonstrated cross-sectional associations with biomarkers of oxidative stress. [18][19][20][21][22] Similar findings in populations with and without COPD suggest that the mechanisms responsible are not likely to be solely mediated by pulmonary inflammation, but may be related to other sources of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by abnormal pulmonary function as a consequence of respiratory system changes secondary to respiratory muscle weakness and paralysis, but is not known to result in pulmonary inflammation.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 50%
“…21 In 88 Dutch patients with moderate-to-severe COPD and 55 controls, the associations of percent-predicted FEV 1 with a number of measures of advanced glycation end-products were examined, with mixed results. In models adjusted for age, sex, person-years of smoking, BMI, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glomerular filtration rate, and CRP, N 6 -(carboxyethyl)lysine and skin autofluorescence were negatively associated and N 6 -(carboxymethyl)lysine was positively associated with percent-predicted FEV 1 , and the authors concluded that the exact role of these glycation end products remains to be determined.…”
Context/Objective: Systemic inflammation, and to a lesser extent oxidative stress, have been associated with reduced pulmonary function. Our objective was to evaluate the associations between biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)) and novel makers of global oxidative stress (fluorescent oxidation products (FLOx)) with spirometric and lung volume measures in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants: One-hundred thirty-seven men with chronic SCI participating in an epidemiologic study. Methods: Participants provided a blood sample, completed health questionnaires, and underwent pulmonary function testing, including helium dilution measurement of functional residual capacity (FRC). General linear models were used to model associations between increasing quartiles of inflammation or oxidative stress with each outcome measure, after adjustment for a number of potential confounders. Outcome Measures: Percent-predicted forced vital capacity in one second (FEV 1 ), percent-predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV 1 /FVC, percent-predicted residual volume (RV), percent-predicted FRC, and percent-predicted total lung capacity (TLC). Results: After adjustment for a number of confounders, participants with higher levels of CRP and IL-6 had lower percent-predicted FEV 1 and FVC measurements. There were no clear patterns of association with any of the oxidative stress biomarkers or other outcome measures. Conclusion: Increased systemic inflammation was associated with reductions in FEV 1 and FVC independent of a number of covariates. Although the mechanism is uncertain, these results suggest that reductions in pulmonary function in SCI are associated with systemic inflammation.
“…Fewer studies have demonstrated cross-sectional associations with biomarkers of oxidative stress. [18][19][20][21][22] Similar findings in populations with and without COPD suggest that the mechanisms responsible are not likely to be solely mediated by pulmonary inflammation, but may be related to other sources of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by abnormal pulmonary function as a consequence of respiratory system changes secondary to respiratory muscle weakness and paralysis, but is not known to result in pulmonary inflammation.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 50%
“…21 In 88 Dutch patients with moderate-to-severe COPD and 55 controls, the associations of percent-predicted FEV 1 with a number of measures of advanced glycation end-products were examined, with mixed results. In models adjusted for age, sex, person-years of smoking, BMI, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glomerular filtration rate, and CRP, N 6 -(carboxyethyl)lysine and skin autofluorescence were negatively associated and N 6 -(carboxymethyl)lysine was positively associated with percent-predicted FEV 1 , and the authors concluded that the exact role of these glycation end products remains to be determined.…”
Context/Objective: Systemic inflammation, and to a lesser extent oxidative stress, have been associated with reduced pulmonary function. Our objective was to evaluate the associations between biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)) and novel makers of global oxidative stress (fluorescent oxidation products (FLOx)) with spirometric and lung volume measures in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants: One-hundred thirty-seven men with chronic SCI participating in an epidemiologic study. Methods: Participants provided a blood sample, completed health questionnaires, and underwent pulmonary function testing, including helium dilution measurement of functional residual capacity (FRC). General linear models were used to model associations between increasing quartiles of inflammation or oxidative stress with each outcome measure, after adjustment for a number of potential confounders. Outcome Measures: Percent-predicted forced vital capacity in one second (FEV 1 ), percent-predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV 1 /FVC, percent-predicted residual volume (RV), percent-predicted FRC, and percent-predicted total lung capacity (TLC). Results: After adjustment for a number of confounders, participants with higher levels of CRP and IL-6 had lower percent-predicted FEV 1 and FVC measurements. There were no clear patterns of association with any of the oxidative stress biomarkers or other outcome measures. Conclusion: Increased systemic inflammation was associated with reductions in FEV 1 and FVC independent of a number of covariates. Although the mechanism is uncertain, these results suggest that reductions in pulmonary function in SCI are associated with systemic inflammation.
Initially investigated as a color formation process in thermally treated foods, nowadays, the relevance of the Maillard reaction in vivo is generally accepted. Many chronic and age-related diseases such as diabetes, uremia, atherosclerosis, cataractogenesis and Alzheimer's disease are associated with Maillard derived advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and α-dicarbonyl compounds as their most important precursors in terms of reactivity and abundance. However, the situation in vivo is very challenging, because Maillard chemistry is paralleled by enzymatic reactions which can lead to both, increases and decreases in certain AGEs. In addition, mechanistic findings established under the harsh conditions of food processing might not be valid under physiological conditions. The present review critically discusses the relevant α-dicarbonyl compounds as central intermediates of AGE formation in vivo with a special focus on fragmentation pathways leading to formation of amide-AGEs.
“…This was in reasonable agreement with data described in literature [36][37][38][39][40][41] . The described method is suitable for studying AGEs in several different human and animal studies [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] and is a strong tool to investigate the putative effects of AGEs in the pathophysiology of different diseases.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reduction of glucose to sorbitol and further oxidation to fructose and fructose-3-phosphate leads to the formation of 3-DG. Thus, AGEs can be formed by these sugar-derived carbonyls 45 , by lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress 46,47 or by reactions between pentoses and proteins, known as the fluorescent lysine-arginine cross-link pentosidine 36,48 .…”
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