Plants producing pyrrolizidine alkaloids: sustainable tools for nematode management?

Thoden, T.C.; Boppré, Michael

doi:10.1163/138855409x12549869072248

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Among the set of alkaloids identified in AF from DP, PAs were the most abundant, suggesting their participation in the observed effect. In addition, the efficacy of those substances in combating plant nematodes has already been reported [31]. Surprisingly, the effect of DP (EC 50 = 0.660 mg.mL − 1 ) was higher than AF from DP (EC 50 = 2.435 mg.mL − 1 ), suggesting that PAs are not the only responsible components for anthelmintic effects observed, which has already been reported for other plant extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

In vitro ovicidal effect of a Senecio brasiliensis extract and its fractions on Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2019

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BackgroundHaemonchosis affects sheep husbandry and its treatment is often compromised due to the development of anthelminthic resistance. Plant-derived bioactive compounds have been studied as alternative to control Haemonchus contortus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Senecio brasiliensis extracts on H. contortus egg hatching and infective larvae migration.ResultsThe aqueous extract from dried and fresh plant and alkaloid-enriched fraction of the previously dried leaves of S. brasiliensis inhibited H. contortus egg hatching. The main plant compound in alkaloid fraction was integerrimine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA). However, the aqueous extract from dried plant displayed higher efficacy when compared to their alkaloid enriched or non-polar fractions, meaning that, although PAs contributed to the ovicidal effect, other compounds in the plant can also contribute to their effect. Furthermore, the aqueous extract from dried plant also had higher efficacy than aqueous extract from fresh plant in larvae migration inhibition. Finally, extract from dried plant presented low in vitro cytotoxic effect.ConclusionTaken together our results suggest a good anthelmintic effect of S. brasiliensis, especially when aqueous extract is prepared from dried plant. Further in vivo studies should be performed focused on forms of administration of this extract in rearing sheep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

In vitro ovicidal effect of a Senecio brasiliensis extract and its fractions on Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2019

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“…Although PAs evolved as a defense against herbivores (Thoden & Boppré, 2010;Trigo, 2011), certain insect groups have evolved a tolerance to these toxins, which the larvae ingest with plant material Hartmann & Ober, 2000). In a more specialized behavior known as pharmacophagy (Boppré, 1984), adults imbibe PAs from injured or withered plant parts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex, drugs and pupusas: Disentangling relationships in Echiteae (Apocynaceae)

Morales

Endress

Liede‐Schumann

2017

TAXON

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Echiteae (Apocynaceae) comprises about 200 species divided among 19 genera, 16 of which are restricted to the Neotropics, the other 3 to the Paleotropics. There are two large genera, Prestonia and Parsonsia, in the Neotropics and Paleotropics, respectively, whereas three-fourths of the genera contain only one to four species. In this study DNA of 82 species was extracted and amplified for four molecular markers: three plastid (trnL intron + trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, rpl16 intron, matK + 5′/ 3′ trnK intron) and the nuclear ribosomal region ITS. The ingroup comprised 70 species from 17 genera in the tribe, and included representatives of all subtribes; the outgroup included 5 species each from the two putatively most closely related tribes, Odontadenieae and Mesechiteae, as well as 2 rooting species. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood approaches. Echiteae and four of its subtribes (Echitinae, Parsonsiinae, Peltastinae, Prestoniinae) as currently circumscribed were shown to be non-monophyletic. The fifth subtribe, Pentalinoninae, though monophyletic, does not belong to Echiteae; it was resolved as sister to a clade of Odontadenieae, where it fits better, since in both the characteristic secondary compounds are cardenolides. Prestonia and Temnadenia were resolved as polyphyletic, with P. riedelii grouped with Rhodocalyx and T. ornata nested within Prestonia. Fernaldia is nested within Echites and Peltastes is nested in Macropharynx. Fourteen genera are maintained. The new subtribe Laubertiinae is proposed, as are the combinations resulting from the merging of Fernaldia and Peltastes and the transfer of P. riedelii and T. ornata to Rhodocalyx and Prestonia, respectively. In the ancestors of Echiteae, we hypothesize that an evolutionary shift took place in which steroidal alkaloids and/or cardenolides, characteristic for apocynoids, were replaced by parsonsine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids as the predominant defense compounds. Supplementary MaterialThe Electronic Supplement (Figs. S1-S3) is available in the Supplementary Data section of the online version of this article at

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“…Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, a widespread alkaloid family, also play a role in PPN resistance. The available literature on this topic has already been thoroughly reviewed by Thoden and Boppré (2010), so we will not attempt to duplicate this excellent work. Briefly, the authors observe that plants which accumulate substantial amounts of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in their roots are generally very poor hosts for PPN.…”

Section: Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%