Plants and mushrooms in the management of diabetes

Iddrisu, Ishawu; Chikwere, Prince

doi:10.26596/wn.2020111190-209

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Adopting plant-based diets (Iddrisu and Chikwere, 2020), low-fat dairy, vegetable and fish oils could ameliorate the effects of the condition of patients with type 2 diabetes, through increasing dietary intakes of micronutrients. Globalisation has led to the influx of Western foods in Ghana and the consumption of same.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energy and nutrient intakes among patients with type 2 diabetes by gender and age groups

Chikwere

2020

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Background: Type 2 diabetes is a non-communicable disorder that requires changes in diet, among other aspects of lifestyle, in its management. Patients are normally advised on dietary intakes based on required dietary energy and nutrient intakes to normalise their conditions. Methods: The cross-sectional study recruited 100 adult type 2 diabetes patients by convenience sampling from Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. The energy and nutrient intakes of patients were measured according to age and gender. The 24-hour recalls on three days per patient were used to access dietary intakes with references to Composition of Foods Commonly Used in Ghana, and the West African Food Composition Table. Meal skipping was noted. Anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical measurements of patients were taken and related to their meal frequency lifestyle. The comparison of dietary intakes between males and females within age groups was done in reference to Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) and Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), which are constituents of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). Results: Meal skipping was associated with a larger waste circumference. The mean daily protein intake (P = 0.001) and calcium intake (P = 0.004) of males were significantly higher than those of the females. Similarly, patients less than 60 years of age were more likely to consume more energy and nutrients (except calcium) than their older counterparts, though no significant differences were recorded. Mean quantities of carbohydrate, iron, and vitamin C consumed were above the DRI for both males and females. For dietary fibre, this was true only for females. The DRI for other nutrients was not met. For respondents <60 years, 45.5 %, 68.6 % and 72.7 % of males met their RDAs for protein, iron and vitamin C respectively while 41.7 %, 5.6 % and 80.6 % of their female counterparts met their RDA for these nutrients. For respondents ≥ 60 years, 46.7 %, 80 % and 66.7 % of males vs. 31.6 %, 63.2 %, and 92.1 % of females met their RDAs for protein, iron and vitamin C respectively. Only 2.8% of females < 60 years and 6.7 % of females ≥ 60 years met the RDA for vitamin E, while no males did. While 52.8 % of females < 60 years and 47.4% of those ≥ 60 years respectively met their RDAs for fibre, only 40 % males < 60 years met their RDA for fibre. All respondents met the RDA for carbohydrate except 2.6 % of females ≥ 60 years. For vitamin A, apart from 2.8 % of females < 60 years, no respondent met the RDA and for calcium none did. Conclusion: Both males and females had mean intakes of carbohydrate, iron, and vitamin C in excess of their DRI. The situation was problematic for other nutrients. Public and personal health and nutrition education should be intensified to promote adequate nutrient intakes among both male and female and younger and older age groups in diabetes patients in Ghana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energy and nutrient intakes among patients with type 2 diabetes by gender and age groups

Chikwere

2020

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“…Biologically active components such as, alkaloids, glycosides flavonoids, polysaccharides and peptidoglycans are found in some herbs and mushrooms [20]. Flavonoid compounds are large group that occurs in most plants and fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Kalanchoe crenata Extract on Renal and Liver Impairment, Dyslipedemia and Glycemia in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Effah-Yeboah¹,

Dartey²,

Sosa-Montes³

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus or diabetes is a metabolic ailment which occurs as a result of insulin insufficiency or defect in insulin function, or both that leads to ihyperglycemia. Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide disease even though its prevalence in other countries vary. Kalanchoe crenata belongs to the family crassulaceae. It is also known locally as miracle plant and often utilized in Africa for medicinal purposes. The study was designed to ascertain the antidiabetic and dyslipidemic activity and effects of the ethanolic extract of both leaves and stem of Kalanchoe crenata on istreptozotocin incite diabetic rats for three (3) weeks. Methodology: 6-8 weeks old Sprague dawley rats received multiple injection of streptozotocin intraperitoneally (40mg/kg body weight) to induce diabetes melitus. Diabetes mellitus was observed and confirmed after six days of induction. The rats were given ethanolic extract of Kalanchoe crenata remarkably (10, 30 and 100mg/kg) and 5mg/kg glibenclamide orally twice daily for three weeks. Blood glucose, lipids, creatinine, urea, were then determined. Results: After week three of treatment 5mg/kg glibenclamide, 30 and 100mg/kg ethanolic extract of Kalanchoe crenata remarkably (p<0.05) decrease glycemia and improved lipidemia by decreasing overall cholesterol, LDL-C and increasing HDL-C likened to the control diabetic group. Also results from treated rats remarkably decrease blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. However, the affirmative control and the sampled treated groups showed curative and regenerative effect in the cells responsible for producing endocrine insulin “beta cells of the islets of Langerhans” located in the pancreas. Kidney and liver tissue sections of treatment groups showed a reversal of diseased insults made by the streptozotocin. Conclusion: The outcome of the research indicate that given ethanolic extract of Kalanchoe crenata remarkably contains the necessary phytochemicals for the development of a standard and effective herbal medicine for Diabetes mellitus and related complications and also with no toxic effects on the tissues of the liver, pancreas and kidney.

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Plants and mushrooms in the management of diabetes

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

The energy and nutrient intakes among patients with type 2 diabetes by gender and age groups

The energy and nutrient intakes among patients with type 2 diabetes by gender and age groups

Effect of Kalanchoe crenata Extract on Renal and Liver Impairment, Dyslipedemia and Glycemia in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

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