Planting dates and seeding rates for soft white winter wheat in eastern Ontario

Andrews, Christopher J.; Pomeroy, M. Keith; Seaman, W. L.; Hoekstra, G. J.

doi:10.4141/cjps92-044

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The relative increase in grain yield from the lowest to the highest rate of seeding was 7% for winter wheat and 12% for winter triticale. The greater response to seeding rate of late-seeded crops is consistent with previous studies (Andrews et al 1992;Spink et al 2000). However, yield gains of this magnitude may not be economic due to seed and handling costs.…”

Section: Mots Cléssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…In a study conducted with soft red winter wheat in the United Kingdom, the economic optimum plant density was 62 plants m -2 for late-September seeding dates, 93 plants m -2 for mid-October seeding dates, and 139 plants m -2 for mid-November seeding dates (Spink et al 2000). Yield benefits due to increased seeding rates were also greater for late planting dates in a study conducted with soft white winter wheat in eastern Ontario (Andrews et al 1992).…”

Section: Mots Clésmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of high seeding rates to increase grain yield of winter wheat and winter triticale in southern Alberta

McKenzie¹,

Bremer²,

Middleton³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2007. Efficacy of high seeding rates to increase grain yield of winter wheat and winter triticale in southern Alberta. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 503-507. Field trials were conducted for 3 yr (2002/2003 to 2004/2005) at three locations in southern Alberta to determine the impact of seeding rate and opener type on plant stand and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and winter triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack). Responses were determined for an optimum date of seeding in early to mid-September and for a late seeding in early to mid-October. Conditions were generally favourable for crop establishment, winter survival and growth, and average site yields ranged from 4.5 to 8.9 Mg ha -1 . The disc opener increased spring plant density by 12.5% compared with the hoe opener, but did not affect grain yield. Spring plant density was 23% lower for winter triticale than winter wheat and 20% lower for October-seeded cereals than September-seeded cereals. Late seeding reduced grain yields of winter wheat and winter triticale by an average of 18 and 11%, respectively. Increases in target seeding rates from 150 to 350 plants m -2 (approximately 70 to 160 kg ha -1 ) did not affect grain yield and quality of September-seeded cereals, but increased grain yield of late-seeded crops by an average of 5 kg per kg increase in seeding rate. High seeding rates did not fully compensate for yield losses caused by late seeding. . Ils ont déter-miné la réaction de la culture à la date optimale d'ensemencement, du début à la mi-septembre, et à une date plus tardive, du début à la mi-octobre. Les conditions étaient généralement favorables à l'établissement de la culture, à sa survie à l'hiver et à sa croissance, le rendement moyen variant de 4,5 à 8,9 Mg par hectare. L'usage d'un rayonneur à disques accroît la densité du peuplement au printemps de 12,5 % comparativement à l'usage d'un soc, mais le rendement grainier n'est pas touché. La densité du peuplement printanier de triticale est de 23 % inférieure à celle du blé, tandis que celle des céréales semées en octobre est de 20 % inférieure à celle des céréales semées en septembre. Des semis tardifs diminuent le rendement grainier du blé et de la triticale d'hiver d'en moyenne 18 % et 11 %, respectivement. Porter la densité des semis de 150 à 350 plants par m 2 (environ 70 à 160 kg par hectare) n'affecte pas le rendement grainier ni la qualité des céréales semées en septembre, mais accroît le rendement grainier de celles semées tardivement d'en moyenne 5 kg par kg de semences supplémentaires. Une densité de semis élevée ne compense pas entièrement les pertes de rendement attribuables aux semis tardifs. Mots clés: Triticum aestivum, × Triticosecale, densité du peuplement, rendementWinter cereals generally outyield spring cereals on the Canadian prairies because early spring growth improves water use efficiency and crop growth duration (Entz and Fowler 1991). Winter cereals may also reduce soil erosion, herbicide requirements and cost of production. However, the risk of winterkil...

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Section: Mots Cléssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Mots Clésmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of high seeding rates to increase grain yield of winter wheat and winter triticale in southern Alberta

McKenzie¹,

Bremer²,

Middleton³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…When compared with the SS and FS, WS increased grain yields of wheat by 47.5 % and 7.6 % in 2002–03; by 65.1 % and 20.2 % in 2003–04 respectively. Yield reductions in SS and FS were accompanied by significant reductions in spikes per square metre and kernel weight in 2002–03; in spikes per square metre, kernels per spike, and kernel weight in 2003–04 (Andrews et al. 1992, Gomez‐Macpherson and Richards 1995).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On average, delayed sowing tends to decrease yields of spring‐ or winter‐sown wheat (Fowler 1983, Cutforth et al. 1990), decrease kernel weight and test weight (Andrews et al. 1992, Spaner et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Yield Response of Facultative Wheat to Winter Sowing, Freezing Sowing and Spring Sowing at Different Seeding Rates

Öztürk¹,

Çağlar²,

Bulut³

2006

J Agronomy Crop Science

115

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Growth and yield of wheat are affected by environmental conditions and can be regulated by sowing time and seeding rate. In this study, three sowing times [winter sowing (first week of September), freezing sowing (last week of October) and spring sowing (last week of April)] at seven seeding rates (325, 375, 425, 475, 525, 575 and 625 seeds m )2 ) were investigated during the 2002-03 and 2003-04 seasons, in Erzurum (Turkey) dryland conditions, using Kirik facultative wheat. A split-plot design was used, with sowing times as main plots and seeding rates randomized as subplots. There was a significant year · sowing time interaction for grain yield and kernels per spike. Winter-sown wheat produced a significantly higher leaf area index, leaf area duration, spikes per square metre, kernel weight and grain yield than freezing-and spring-sown wheat. The optimum time of sowing was winter for the facultative cv. Kirik. Grain yields at freezing and spring sowing were low, which was largely the result of hastened crop development and high temperatures during and after anthesis. Increasing seeding rate up to 525 seeds m )2 increased the spikes per square metre at harvest, resulting in increased grain yield. Seeding rate, however, was not as important as sowing time in maximizing grain yield. Changes in spikes per square metre were the major contributors to the grain-yield differences observed among sowing times and seeding rates. Yield increases from higher seeding rates were greater at freezing and spring sowing. We recommended that a seeding rate of 525 seeds m )2 be chosen for winter sowing, and 575 seeds m )2 for freezing and spring sowing.

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“…The effect of planting date on winter survival and winter wheat grain yield has been studied in Ontario (Andrews et al 1992(Andrews et al , 1997. The Atlantic Provinces Field Crop Guide (ACCPCFC 1991) provides zonal maps for the Maritime provinces of optimum seeding periods for winter grains, based on climatic data and regression equations reported by Bootsma and Suzuki (1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of seeding date, seeding rate and N fertilization on winter wheat yield and yield components in eastern Newfoundland

Spaner¹,

Todd²,

McKenzie³

2000

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2000. The effect of seeding date, seeding rate and N fertilization on winter wheat yield components in eastern Newfoundland. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 703-711. Livestock farmers in Newfoundland presently import most of their feed grain, and local self-sufficiency in grain production is a desirable long-term goal. The overall objective of this work was to refine our understanding of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in Newfoundland, with the aim of improving present cropping recommendations. We conducted trials near St. John's in 1998 and 1999 to examine the effect of seeding rate and topdress ammonium nitrate (N) fertilization rate on Borden winter wheat yield and yield components. We also conducted four seeding date trials in the same region. Optimum-treatment grain yields in our six trials ranged from 2.76 to 5.39 t ha -1 . In years of variable winter kill, increasing seeding rate up to 450 seeds m -2 increased spikes m -2 at harvest, resulting in increased grain yield. Seeding rate, however, was not as important as N fertilization in maximizing grain yield. Increasing topdress fertilization to 60 kg N ha -1 increased spikes m -2 at harvest in years of variable winter kill, resulting in greater grain yield. In years of high winter survival, the main source of higher grain yield levels (through higher N application rates) was not achieved through greater spikes m -2 at harvest, but rather through an increase in kernel weight. Optimum grain yields occurred at seeding rates of 400 ± 50 seeds m -2 , and at topdress fertilizer applications up to a rate of at least 30 kg N ha -1 . Given the results of our seeding date experiments, in conjunction with previously developed climatic models, we now consider the optimum seeding date for the eastern region of Newfoundland to be August 31. Terre-Neuve qui doivent actuellement importer la presque totalité de leurs céréales fourragères souhaiteraient pouvoir atteindre un jour l'autosuffisance pour la production du grain. L'objet d'ensemble de nos travaux était de peaufiner notre connaissance de la production du blé (Triticum aestivum L.) à Terre-Neuve et, par là, d'améliorer les recommandations agronomiques concernant cette culture. Deux essais étaient réalisés près de St-Jean en 1998 et 1999 pour examiner l'effet de la densité de semis et de la dose de fumure de couverture (nitrate d'ammonium) sur le rendement -et ses composantes -du blé d'hiver Borden. Quatre essais de date de semis étaient aussi installés dans la même région. Le rendement grainier optimal obtenu dans ces six essais allait de 2,76 à 5,39 t ha -1 . Dans les années de destructions par l'hiver variables, le fait d'accroître la dose de semis à 450 grains au mètre carré produisait une augmentation de la densité d'épis au mètre carré et, conséquemment, une hausse du rendement. Le même effet était obtenu en portant à 60 kg ha -1 la dose de la fumure en couverture. La fumure N se révélait plus importante que la dose de semis pour maximiser le rendement. Dans les années marquées par un taux élevé de sur...

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Planting dates and seeding rates for soft white winter wheat in eastern Ontario

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Efficacy of high seeding rates to increase grain yield of winter wheat and winter triticale in southern Alberta

Efficacy of high seeding rates to increase grain yield of winter wheat and winter triticale in southern Alberta

Growth and Yield Response of Facultative Wheat to Winter Sowing, Freezing Sowing and Spring Sowing at Different Seeding Rates

The effect of seeding date, seeding rate and N fertilization on winter wheat yield and yield components in eastern Newfoundland

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